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LANG=CID="73478"Media Tools User's GuideDocument Number 007-2275-002ContributorsWritten by Kathy Chaix and Debbie MyersTechnical assistance provided by Brian Beach, Gints Klimanis, Catherine Madonia, Michael Portuesi, and Roger Powell.©Copyright 1994, Silicon Graphics, Inc.name='mdash' font=symbol charset=fontspecific code=190 
			descr='[mdash]' All Rights ReservedThis document contains proprietary and confidential information of Silicon Graphics, Inc. The contents of this document may not be disclosed to third parties, copied, or duplicated in any form, in whole or in part, without the prior written permission of Silicon Graphics, Inc.Restricted Rights LegendUse, duplication, or disclosure of the technical data contained in this document by the Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subdivision (c) (1) (ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 52.227-7013 and/or in similar or successor clauses in the FAR, or in the DOD or NASA FAR Supplement. Unpublished rights reserved under the Copyright Laws of the United States. Contractor/manufacturer is Silicon Graphics, Inc., 2011 N. Shoreline Blvd., Mountain View, CA 94039-7311.Media Tools User's GuideDocument Number 007-2275-002Silicon Graphics, Inc.Mountain View, CaliforniaSilicon Graphics and IRIS are registered trademarks and Cosmo Compress, IRIS Showcase, IRIX, Indy Video, and Indigo2 Video are trademarks of Silicon Graphics, Inc. PostScript is a registered trademark of Adobe Systems, Inc. Apple is a registered trademark and QuickTime is a trademark of Apple Computers, Inc. Microsoft is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation. PROSONUS is a trademark of Rosemead Music Productions, Inc., dba PROSONUS. Sun s a trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc. UNIX is a registered trademark in the United States and other countries, licensed exclusively through X/Open Company, Ltd. Wavefront is a trademark of Wavefront Technologies. X Window System is a trademark of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. LBL="1"ID="96738"IntroductionYour IRIXÔ software includes a variety of utility programs designed to make you more productive or, in some cases, simply add to the enjoyment of using your IRIS®. This guide provides instructions for using these utilities. IDREF="40414" TYPE="TITLE"Chapter 2, "The Capture Tool," describes how to use the Capture tool to record audio, video input, and still images.IDREF="18383" TYPE="TITLE"Chapter 3, "The Movie Convert Tool," describes how to use Movie Convert to change the format of image and movie files.IDREF="69996" TYPE="TITLE"Chapter 4, "Using Movie Maker," describes the Movie Maker utility that lets you create movies on your workstation.IDREF="36495" TYPE="TITLE"Chapter 5, "Movie Player," describes the Movie Player utility that lets you play movies on your workstation.IDREF="55147" TYPE="TITLE"Chapter 6, "Sound Editor," describes the Sound Editor utility that lets you record sound into and edit audio files.IDREF="45637" TYPE="TITLE"Chapter 7, "Sound Filer," describes the Sound Filer utility which lets you play audio files on your system and convert audio files to different formats and sizes.IDREF="55040" TYPE="TITLE"Chapter 8, "CD Manager," describes the CD Manager utility which lets you play and record from a compact disc drive attached to your workstation SCSI port.IDREF="70592" TYPE="TITLE"Chapter 9, "DAT Manager," describes the DAT Manager utility which lets you play and record to and from DAT tapes on a DAT drive attached to your workstation SCSI port.This guide assumes you are familiar with the IRIX system software and the terminology that describes it. If this is not the case, please refer to the online book IRISEssentials for general instructions on using the system.LBL="" HELPID=""ConventionsThis guide uses the following conventions:References to other documents are in italics.References to other chapters and sections within this guide are in quotation marks.Names of buttons are in italics.Names of menu choices are in quotation marks.Step-by-step instructions used to perform a task are shown as numbered sentences. These may be followed by additional instructions, marked with a small box, that further explain the step. LBL="2"ID="40414"The Capture ToolThe Capture tool lets you save live video input, audio, and still images to your system disk and import them into any of the multimedia applications that run on Silicon Graphics, Inc. systems. This chapter contains these sections:IDREF="90498" TYPE="TITLE""Overview of the Capture Tool"IDREF="42934" TYPE="TITLE""Running the Capture Tool"IDREF="99436" TYPE="TITLE""Creating Movies Using the Capture Tool"IDREF="89510" TYPE="TITLE""Recording Audio Using the Capture Tool"IDREF="24439" TYPE="TITLE""Taking a Picture Using the Capture Tool"IDREF="46133" TYPE="TITLE""Taking a Screen Snapshot Using the Capture Tool"IDREF="34811" TYPE="TITLE""About the Settings Window"IDREF="58886" TYPE="TITLE""Troubleshooting"IDREF="33004" TYPE="TITLE""About the Capture Tool"LBL="" HELPID="Capture.about"ID="90498"Overview of the Capture ToolThe Capture tool lets you save live video input, audio, and still images to your system disk and import them into any of the multimedia applications that run on Silicon Graphics, Inc. systems. Here are some sample uses:On an Indy workstation, use the IndyCam, VCR, or video camera to view movie images and save them to your disk. Import them into Movie Maker to make a movie, or into IRIS ShowcaseÔ to develop an online presentation.Connect a microphone, VCR, or CD player to your workstation and use the Capture tool's audio capabilities to record music, voices, or any other sound you want. Edit the results in Sound Editor and import them into your movie using Movie Maker.Create an image by taking a snapshot of an area on your screen or capture an image from the IndyCam or other input device you have connected to your workstation. Edit it with the ImageVision tools and import it into Movie Maker to use in your movie. See the IDREF="47915" BOOK="ImgTools_UG" FILE="front.doc" HDG="""ImageVisionÔ Tools User's Guide" for information on how to use Image Works and ImgView.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="42934"Running the Capture ToolYou can open the Capture tool in one of several ways:Double-click the camera icon on the desktop.Double-click the capture icon on the Media Tools page of the Icon Catalog.Open a shell window, then type the word capture.Click the words APP="/usr/sbin/capture" PARMS=""Capture tool
 to open the Capture tool now.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="99436"Creating Movies Using the Capture ToolLBL="" HELPID="Capture.movie"Recording a MovieYou can use the Capture tool to record video and save it as a movie file. This section describes the basic procedure. Also see IDREF="36940" TYPE="TITLE""Adjusting Movie Settings." It describes how to change the default settings for the name, size, frame rate, image quality, and more.To make a movie:If it is not already running, open the Capture tool by following the instructions in IDREF="42934" TYPE="TITLE""Running the Capture Tool" or by clicking the words APP="/usr/sbin/capture -video" PARMS=""Capture tool
 now.Place the cursor over the icon in the lower left corner of the window, then press the left mouse button to reveal a graphical menu. Choose the video camera icon from this menu.IDREF="48383" TYPE="GRAPHIC"Figure 2-1 shows the graphical menu with the correct icon selected.FILE="movierecord.bw" POSITION="INLINE" SCALE="FALSE"LBL="2-1"Figure 2-1 ID="48383"Selecting the video camera icon from the graphical pop-up menu.Click Record when you are ready to begin recording.Click Stop to signal you are finished recording the movie.When you click Stop, the movie is processed and saved to your disk. During the save process, the Stop button becomes a Cancel button. Click Cancel if you decide not to save the movie. If you've chosen a frame rate that isn't compatible with your workstation, a dialog box may appear. See IDREF="19651" TYPE="TITLE""Choosing a Frame Rate" and IDREF="56784" TYPE="TITLE""Choosing the Size (Dimensions) of Your Movie" for information on how to choose an appropriate frame rate and size.Your movie is saved to a file called capture.mv in your home directory. capture.mv is the default name for any movie you save. When you record another movie, you write over the original file. See IDREF="84408" TYPE="TITLE""Choosing a Name for the Movie" to choose a new name before recording the next movie.To watch your movie, click the Preview button or choose "Preview" from the Actions menu. NoteMovie files can be very large. Depending on your frame rate and other settings, just a few seconds of movie can occupy a significant portion of your disk. If you are planning to record a long movie, make sure you have plenty of disk space.LBL="" HELPID="Capture.recording.settings"ID="36940"Adjusting Movie SettingsThis section describes how to use the Movie Settings window to adjust frame rate, image quality, compression settings, and more. Also see IDREF="64359" TYPE="TITLE""A Few Recommended Movie Settings."LBL="" HELPID="Capture.source"Choosing a Video Source to UseBy default, the Capture tool uses the Indy CamÔ as the video source. If you have another piece of video equipment, say a VCR, connected to your IndyÔ system, use the Video Control Panel to select this as the source from which to capture. To open this control panel, click the words APP="/usr/sbin/vcp" PARMS=""Video Control Panel
 now.If your Indy contains two video devices (the standard video capabilities and the Indy VideoÔ option, for example), you have to run the Capture tool with command line options to switch the source.Open a shell window by choosing "Unix Shell" from the Desktop toolchest.Type capture -ev1 to designate Indy Video as the device to use.If you have several video devices attached to the board, use the Video Control Panel to select the one you want to use as the video source.LBL="" HELPID="Capture.moviename"ID="84408"Choosing a Name for the MovieBy default, the Capture tool names each movie you create capture.mv. It places this file in the directory from which you run the Capture tool. If you run the Capture tool by double-clicking its icon, you save capture.mv in your home directory. To specify a different name for the movie you're going to create, do the following:Before recording your movie, choose "Settings" from the Actions menu on the Capture tool.The Movie Settings window appears. At the top of the window, you see a field labeled Save Movie File as.Press the left mouse button and drag to select the text capture.mv, then type a new filename.The next movie you create will have the new name.Click the Close button to close the Settings window. Click the Restore Defaults button to revert to the original settings.NoteBy default, the Capture tool uses the same name for each movie you create. If you want to record a series of movies, click the box next to Auto Increment after Save. The Capture tool automatically adds a number to each filename. For example, the first movie is named capture.mv, the second is named capture1.mv, and so on.LBL="" HELPID="Capture.framerate"ID="19651"Choosing a Frame RateBy default, the Capture tool saves 15 frames per second. You can choose to capture the video at a lower or higher frame rate. To do so:Before recording your movie, choose "Settings" from the Actions menu on the Capture tool.The Movie Settings window appears. In the middle of the window, you see a field labeled Frame Rate.Type a number between 1 and 30 in the Frame Rate field.The maximum rate is 30 frames per second. A high frame rate produces a fluid image and a large movie file. Choose a lower frame rate if you want to save disk space.Click the Close button to close the Settings window. Click the Restore Defaults button to revert to the original settings.Try recording a 5 second movie.Recording a short test movie  lets you see if the tool can capture frames at the rate you requested. If it can't, a dialog box appears after the movie has been processed. The dialog box tells you what frame rate the Capture tool achieved. If you set the frame rate higher than the workstation can actually generate frames, you will see duplicate frames and the resulting footage will be jerky. For example, if you ask to capture 20 frames per second but your system can only capture 10, the Capture tool duplicates each frame. For example, when you play the movie, you see:1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 10 10TipTo capture frames at a higher rate, consider choosing a small frame size and stopping other processes that may be running on your system.LBL="" HELPID="Capture.size"ID="56784"Choosing the Size (Dimensions) of Your MovieBy default, the Capture tool creates movies that are one-half the size of a standard NTSC video window. You can choose a different size by doing the following:Before recording your movie, choose "Settings" from the Actions menu on the Capture tool.The Movie Settings window appears. Near the top of the window, you see a menu button labeled Frame Size.Choose an item from the Frame Size menu button. See IDREF="19560" TYPE="GRAPHIC"Figure 2-2.FILE="capture.vidsize.bw" POSITION="INLINE" SCALE="FALSE"LBL="2-2"Figure 2-2 ID="19560"The pop-up menu for changing video sizes.Choose "Full Size" or "Half Size" to increase the size of the video display.The available NTSC dimensions are:Quarter Size160 x 120Half Size320 x 240Full Size640 x 480The available PAL dimensions are:Quarter Size192 x 128Half Size384 x 256Full Size768 x 512The video display changes.Click the Close button to close the Settings window. Click the Restore Defaults button to revert to the original settings.LBL="" HELPID="Capture.crop"ID="63364"Cropping ImagesIn addition to choosing from a list of default frame sizes, you can select a particular region you want to capture. This is called cropping. The crop area is determined by the size and shape of the red outline in the main window. See IDREF="43512" TYPE="GRAPHIC"Figure 2-3.FILE="capturecrop.bw" POSITION="INLINE" SCALE="FALSE"LBL="2-3"Figure 2-3 ID="43512"The red outline showing the crop area.To adjust the crop area visually:Position your cursor over the red outline around the image area shown in IDREF="43512" TYPE="GRAPHIC"Figure 2-3.Press and hold down the left mouse button to move the cursor. Moving the cursor adjusts the size of the crop box. You can move the lines or the corners of the red outline.If the crop box is smaller than the display, you can move the box inside the display. Place the cursor inside the box, press and hold down the left mouse button, and drag the box around the image.To adjust the crop area according to specific measurements, change the settings in the Movie Settings window.Before recording your movie, choose "Settings" from the Actions menu on the Capture tool.The Movie Settings window appears. In the middle of the window, you see a region labeled Crop area.Change the measurements in the Crop Area field until the red box in the image area reflects what you want to capture, or choose one of the crop sizes under the Crop button. See the list below:No CropSelects the entire viewing area to record.Square CropNarrows the crop area to a square. This also turns on the Fixed Aspect Ratio so any adjustments in size will keep a square crop.Portrait CropNarrows the crop area to a rectangle with an aspect ratio of three to four. This turns on the Fixed Aspect Ratio so any adjustments in size will keep a three to four ratio.Custom CropAllows any rectangular adjustment of the crop box.Click the Close button to close the Settings window. Click the Restore Defaults button to revert to the original settings.LBL="" HELPID="Capture.imgqual"Changing the Image QualityBy default, the Capture tool creates movie files with high-quality images. To change this setting:Before recording your movie, choose "Settings" from the Actions menu on the Capture tool.The Movie Settings window appears. In the middle of the window, you see a menu button labeled Quality.Choose "Higher" or "Lower" from the Quality menu button.What actually happens when you change the quality setting varies according to the hardware installed on your workstation.On an Indy workstation, or on an Indigo with the VINO Video option installed, using a higher quality setting captures video as 16 bit YUV. This gets color space converted to 24-bit RGB. Using a lower quality setting captures the data as 8-bit RGB.On workstations with Indy Video or Galileo Video options installed, choosing a higher quality setting captures every scan line in the image. Choosing a lower quality setting captures every even scan line (field) and replicates the data to generate the right sized image.Click the Close button to close the Settings window. Click the Restore Defaults button to revert to the original settings.LBL="" HELPID="Capture.addaudio"Including Audio in Your MovieBy default, when you make a movie, you record video and audio. Use the Audio Control Panel to choose the audio source from which you want to record. Open the Audio Control Panel by choosing "Audio Panel..." from the Tools menu or by clicking the words APP="/usr/sbin/apanel" PARMS=""Audio Control Panel
 now.Select an item from the Input menu.Choose "Microphone" from the Input menu if you want to record from the microphone. Choose "Line" from the Input menu if you want to record from a device, such as a tape deck or VCR, connected to the Line In port on your system.Choose "Digital" if you want to use the application CD Manager to record from your compact disc player. Also choose "Digital" if you want to record audio from a device connected to the Digital In port on your system.NoteIf you don't want your movie to contain any audio, see IDREF="64111" TYPE="TITLE""Making a Silent Movie."LBL="" HELPID=""ID="64111"Making a Silent MovieBy default, the movies you create have a soundtrack. To make a silent movie:Before recording your movie, choose "Settings" from the Actions menu on the Capture tool.The Movie Settings window appears. Near the bottom of the window, you see a button labeled Mute.Click the button labeled Mute.A red checkmark appears. The audio will be ignored in future movies you create.Click the Close button to close the Settings window. Click the Restore Defaults button to revert to the original settings.LBL="" HELPID="Capture.compression"Compressing Movie FilesBefore recording a movie, decide how you want to the movie to be compressed or whether you want it to be uncompressed. By default, movies are compressed using the MVC2 compression scheme.Before recording your movie, choose "Settings" from the Actions menu on the Capture tool.The Movie Settings window appears. Near the middle of the window, you see a menu button labeled Compression.Choose a compression scheme from the Compression menu button. The list below describes each option and its characteristics.MVC1Compresses relatively quickly, about 5 bits per pixel, on average. Results in a file that's 5 times smaller. Half-size movies play back at 15 frames per second, at least, depending on your system's capabilities.MVC2Compresses more slowly than MVC1. Compresses about 2 bits per pixel, on average. Results in a file that's about 20 times smaller. Half-size movies play back at 25 frames per second, at least, depending on your system's capabilities.Software JPEGCompresses the file so it's 16 times smaller. Half-size movies play back at 2 frames per second, at least, depending on your system's capabilities.Hardware JPEGAvailable only if you have purchased and installed the optional Cosmo CompressÔ video board from Silicon Graphics. Lets you record full-sized video at full motion frame rates (25 frames per second for PAL and 30 frames per second for NTSC).If you've selected "SGI Movie [Hardware JPEG]" or "SGI Movie [Software JPEG]," adjust the JPEG Quality dial.Choose a low number to get higher compression rates and lower quality images. Choose a high number to get lower compression rates and higher image quality.Click the Close button to close the Settings window. Click the Restore Defaults button to revert to the original settings.NoteThe compression scheme affects the playback rate of the movie. Some compression schemes require more processing power than others. Consequently, the movies may playback at a lower frame rate.To play back Hardware JPEG movies at full size and frame rate, use the dmplay utility. Movieplayer always uses software JPEG, regardless of the method used to record the movie.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="64359"A Few Recommended Movie SettingsThis section lists a few scenarios and provides recommended movie settings for each.You're creating a movie file to use as part of an online presentation. You want a high-quality picture, fluid motion, and a large frame size. Disk space is not your utmost concern.Frame sizeHalfQualityHigherCompressionSGI Movie [MVC1]Frame Rate15 to 30 frames per secondAudio22 kilohertz or higherYou're creating a movie file and want to store it on disk or on a CD so that other people can view it at their leisure. You want a high-quality picture, fluid motion, and a large frame size; however, you also need to conserve disk space.Frame sizeHalf or one-quarter if the movie is being stored on a CD.QualityHigherCompressionSGI Movie [MVC1] or SGI Movie {MVC2] if the movie is being stored on a CD.Frame Rate12 to 15 frames per secondAudio22 kilohertz or lower. If the movie is being stored on a CD, use 8 or 11 kilohertz.You're recording a movie and plan to use Media Mail to send it to a co-worker. You want the file to be small and fluid motion is more important that the frame size or the video quality.Frame sizeOne-quarterQualityHigher (This setting actually produces smaller files when combined with the MVC2 compression.)CompressionSGI Movie {MVC2]Frame Rate12 to 15 frames per second. Use 12 to save space; use 15 for a smoother playing movie.Audio8 kilohertzYou're creating a movie to olay on other systems that support QuickTime. You'll use the Capture tool to record the movie and Movie Maker to save the file as a QuickTime movie. You want a small frame size, the highest possible quality for translation to QuickTime. You'll vary the frame rate and audio settings depending on the movie.Frame sizeOne-quarterQualityHigher (This setting actually produces smaller files when combined with the MVC2 compression.)CompressionSGI Movie Uncompressed if you have the disk space. Otherwise, use MVC1 or Software JPEG.Frame Rate15 frames per second Audio11 or 22 kilohertz. Use a higher rate if you know the target system will supports it.You have installed the optional Cosmo Compress video board and want to use the Capture tool to produce a professional-quality movie. You want a large frame size, a high frame rate, and high quality images.Frame sizeFull size (possibly half while previewing your work).QualityHigher (possibly Lower while previewing your work).CompressionHardware JPEG. Adjust the quality to suit your needs.Frame RateAutomatically set when you use Hardware JPEG. Setting depends on the format you're usingname='mdash' font=symbol charset=fontspecific code=190 
			descr='[mdash]'NTSC or PAL.Audio44.1 or 48 kilohertz for CD- or DAT-quality audio)LBL="" HELPID="Capture.audio"ID="89510"Recording Audio Using the Capture ToolThe Capture tool lets you record audio files that you can playback on your workstation, add to a movie, or import into an online presentation. You must have audio capabilities on your workstation to use the Capture audio tool. To make an audio recording:If it is not already running, open the Capture tool by following the instructions in IDREF="42934" TYPE="TITLE""Running the Capture Tool" or by clicking the words APP="/usr/sbin/capture -audio" PARMS=""Capture tool
 now.Place the cursor over the icon in the lower left corner of the window, then press the left mouse button to reveal a graphical menu. Choose the microphone icon from this menu.IDREF="47961" TYPE="GRAPHIC"Figure 2-4 shows the graphical menu with the correct icon selected.FILE="capturemic.bw" POSITION="INLINE" SCALE="FALSE"LBL="2-4"Figure 2-4 ID="47961"Selecting the microphone icon from the graphical pop-up menu.Use the Audio Control Panel to choose the audio source from which you want to record.Open the Audio Control Panel by choosing "Audio Panel..." from the Tools menu or by clicking the words APP="/usr/sbin/apanel" PARMS=""Audio Control Panel
 now.Select an item from the Input menu.Choose "Microphone" from the Input menu if you want to record from the microphone. Choose "Line" from the Input menu if you want to record from a device, such as a tape deck or VCR, connected to the Line In port on your system.Choose "Digital" if you want to use the application CD Manager to record from your compact disc player. Also choose "Digital" if you want to record audio from a device connected to the Digital In port on your system.Use the Audio Control Panel to adjust the input level.The pair of sliders on the left side of the window controls the input level. For the best results, set the level to six or seven.Click the Record button on the Capture tool when you are ready to begin recording.The display area shows a waveform that represents the sound you are recording.Click Stop to signal you are finished recording the audio.Your audio is saved to a file called capture.aifc. capture.aifc is the default name for any audio you save. To choose a different name for the files you create, see IDREF="47576" TYPE="TITLE""Choosing a Name for the Audio File."To listen to your recording, click the Preview button or choose "Preview" from the Actions menu. LBL="" HELPID="Capture.adjust.audio"ID="22389"Adjusting Audio SettingsThe Audio Settings window contains controls that let you choose a new name for the audio file you're going to create and specify the number of channels.IDREF="47576" TYPE="TITLE""Choosing a Name for the Audio File"IDREF="51189" TYPE="TITLE""Choosing the Number of Audio Channels to Record"LBL="" HELPID="Capture.audioname"ID="47576"Choosing a Name for the Audio FileBy default, the Capture tool names each audio file you create capture.aifc. It places this file in the directory from which you run the Capture tool. If you run the Capture tool by double-clicking its icon, you save capture.aifc in your home directory. To specify a different name for the audio file you're going to create, do the following:Before recording your movie, choose "Settings" from the Actions menu on the Capture tool.The Audio Settings window appears. At the top of the window, you see a field labeled Save Audio File as.Press the left mouse button and drag to select the text capture.aifc, then type a new filename.The next audio file you create will have the new name.NoteBy default, the Capture tool uses the same name for each audio file you create. If you want to record a series of audio files, click the box next to Auto Increment after Save. The Capture tool automatically adds a number to each filename. For example, the first audio file is named capture.aifc, the second is named capture1.afic, and so on.LBL="" HELPID="Capture.channels"ID="51189"Choosing the Number of Audio Channels to RecordBy default, the Capture tool records audio from one channel. If you have a stereo device attached to your system, you can change this setting. To do so:Before recording your movie, choose "Settings" from the Actions menu on the Capture tool.The Audio Settings window appears. In the middle of the window, you see a region labeled Audio Options.Click the button labeled Stereo to make a stereo recording.LBL="" HELPID="Capture.picture"ID="24439"Taking a Picture Using the Capture ToolIf you have a video device attached to your system, you can use the Capture tool to make a movie. You can also use the Capture tool and your video device to take a static picture. To take a picture:If it is not already running, open the Capture tool by following the instructions in IDREF="42934" TYPE="TITLE""Running the Capture Tool" or by clicking the words APP="/usr/sbin/capture -still" PARMS=""Capture tool
 now.Place the cursor over the icon in the lower left corner of the window, then press the left mouse button to reveal a graphical menu. Choose the 35 millimeter camera icon from this menu.IDREF="49668" TYPE="GRAPHIC"Figure 2-5 shows the graphical menu with the correct icon selected.FILE="capturecam.bw" POSITION="INLINE" SCALE="FALSE"LBL="2-5"Figure 2-5 ID="49668"Selecting the camera icon from the graphical pop-up menu.Make sure the lens cap is open, then arrange your subject in front of the camera.Choose "Settings" from the Actions menu to specify a name for the picture you're going to create and to choose the size of the image. See IDREF="91634" TYPE="TITLE""Adjusting Picture Settings" for details.Click Record to take the picture.The image is saved to a file called capture.rgb. capture.rgb is the default name. To choose a different name for files you create, see IDREF="66212" TYPE="TITLE""Choosing a Name for the Picture."To look at the picture you took, click the Preview button or choose "Preview" from the Actions menu.LBL="" HELPID="Capture.adjust.image"ID="91634"Adjusting Picture SettingsYou can use the default settings to take a simple picture, or you can use the Capture Settings window to adjust the default settings. LBL="" HELPID="Capture.pictname"ID="66212"Choosing a Name for the PictureBy default, the Capture tool names each picture you create capture.rgb. It places this file in the directory from which you run the Capture tool. If you run the Capture tool by double-clicking its icon, you save capture.rgb in your home directory. To specify a different name for the picture you're going to create, do the following:Before recording your movie, choose "Settings" from the Actions menu on the Capture tool.The Capture Settings window appears. At the top of the window, you see a field labeled Save Image File as.Press the left mouse button and drag to select the text capture.rgb, then type a new filename.The next picture you take will have the new name.NoteBy default, the Capture tool uses the same name for each picture you create. If you want to take a series of pictures, click the box next to Auto Increment after Save. The Capture tool automatically adds a number to each filename. For example, the first picture is named capture.rgb, the second is named capture1.rgb, and so on.LBL="" HELPID="Capture.framecrop"Framing and Cropping a PictureBy default, the Capture tool displays video at half of its full size. You can increase the frame size before taking a picture. To do so:Before taking the picture, choose "Settings" from the Actions menu on the Capture tool.The Capture Settings window appears. In the middle of the window, you see the label Frame Size, followed by a menu button. By default, the menu is labeled Quarter Size.Place the cursor over the menu button, then press the left mouse button to reveal the choices. See IDREF="25848" TYPE="GRAPHIC"Figure 2-6.FILE="capturesize.bw" POSITION="INLINE" SCALE="FALSE"LBL="2-6"Figure 2-6 ID="25848"The pop-up menu for changing image sizes.Choose "Full Size" or "Half Size" to increase the size of the video display.The available NTSC dimensions are:Quarter Size160 x 120Half Size320 x 240Full Size640 x 480The video display changes.In addition to changing the size, you can select which region you want to snap. This is called "cropping" an image. See IDREF="63364" TYPE="TITLE""Cropping Images" for details.LBL="" HELPID="Capture.snapshot"ID="46133"Taking a Screen Snapshot Using the Capture ToolTo take a screen snapshot:If it is not already running, open the Capture tool by following the instructions in IDREF="42934" TYPE="TITLE""Running the Capture Tool" or by clicking the words APP="/usr/sbin/capture -snapshot" PARMS=""Capture tool
 now.Place the cursor over the icon in the lower left corner of the window, then press the left mouse button to reveal a graphical menu. Choose the monitor icon from this menu.IDREF="63782" TYPE="GRAPHIC"Figure 2-7 shows the graphical menu with the correct icon selected.FILE="capturemon.bw" POSITION="INLINE" SCALE="FALSE"LBL="2-7"Figure 2-7 ID="63782"Selecting the monitor icon from the graphical pop-up menu.Click the Sweep area button.The display changes. It provides a magnified view of the area around your cursor.Move the cursor to the area of the screen that displays the graphics you want to capture as an image.Use the magnified view to place the cursor precisely.Press the left mouse button and drag the cursor.A red outline surrounds the area you're capturing.Release the mouse button and the image is captured.The image is saved in a file called capture.rgb. capture.rgb is the default name for any image you save. To choose a different name for the files you create, see IDREF="49868" TYPE="TITLE""Choosing a Name for Image Files."To see the image you created, click the Preview button or choose "Preview" from the Actions menu.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="49868"Choosing a Name for Image FilesBy default, the Capture tool names each image file you create capture.rgb. It places this file in the directory from which you run the Capture tool. If you run the Capture tool by double-clicking its icon, you save capture.rgb in your home directory. To specify a different name for the audio file you're going to create, do the following:Before taking the screen snapshot, choose "Settings" from the Actions menu on the Capture tool.The Image Settings window appears. At the top of the window, you see a field labeled Save Image File as.Press the left mouse button and drag to select the text capture.rgb, then type a new filename.The next image file you create will have the new name.NoteBy default, the Capture tool uses the same name for each image file you create. If you want to record a series of image files, click the box next to Auto Increment after Save. The Capture tool automatically adds a number to each filename. For example, the first audio file is named capture.rgb, the second is named capture1.rgb, and so on.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="34811"About the Settings WindowThe contents of the Settings window change depending on what you're capturingname='mdash' font=symbol charset=fontspecific code=190 
			descr='[mdash]'audio, a movie, or a still image. This section describes the controls that appear in each case. Refer to:IDREF="95418" TYPE="TITLE""The Movie Settings Window"IDREF="22923" TYPE="TITLE""The Audio Settings Window"IDREF="34407" TYPE="TITLE""The Capture Settings Window"LBL="" HELPID="Capture.movieset"ID="95418"The Movie Settings WindowThe Movie Settings window contains controls that let you choose a new name for movies you create and adjust the image quality, size, and frame rate. See IDREF="36940" TYPE="TITLE""Adjusting Movie Settings" for instructions.LBL="" HELPID="Capture.audioset"ID="22923"The Audio Settings WindowThe Audio Settings window contains controls that let you choose a new name for the audio file you're going to create and specify the number of channels. See IDREF="22389" TYPE="TITLE""Adjusting Audio Settings"  for instructions.LBL="" HELPID="Capture.imageset"ID="34407"The Capture Settings WindowThe Capture Settings window lets you choose a name for the image file you're going to create. If you are taking a picture from a video device, it also has controls that let you specify the frame size. See IDREF="91634" TYPE="TITLE""Adjusting Picture Settings" for instructions.LBL="" HELPID="Capture.snapset"The Image Settings WindowThe Image Settings window lets you choose a name for the snapshot you're going to create. See also IDREF="49868" TYPE="TITLE""Choosing a Name for Image Files."LBL="" HELPID="Capture.troubleshoot"ID="58886"TroubleshootingThis section lists several potential problems you may encounter while using the Capture tool:You don't see any video in your movie and images are blank.If the Capture tool appears without an image, check to make sure the lens on the Indy Cam is open. If you open the lens cap and still don't see an image, open the Video Control Panel and make sure the Indy Cam is selected as the default input source. You can't select the video camera icon or the regular camera icon from the graphical menu in the lower left corner.Your system doesn't provide video support, or the system software that provides this support has been installed incorrectly. Use the Software Manager to verify that you've installed the necessary software. The following subsystems should be installed:IRIS Digtal Media Execution EnvironmentVideo Execution EnvironmentIn addition, you need at least one of the following, depending on what video you use:Indy Video-In Execution Environment (for use with vino, Indy's built in video)Galileo Video Execution Environment (for use with Galileo, Indigo2 Video, IndyVideo)Audio files and movies you create are silent.Check to make sure the microphone, or other audio source, is connected. Also check the Audio Control Panel to make sure you have selected the correct input source.You received a message saying the Capture tool could only capture a certain number of frames per second.Try choosing a smaller video size or a lower frame rate. See IDREF="19651" TYPE="TITLE""Choosing a Frame Rate" and IDREF="56784" TYPE="TITLE""Choosing the Size (Dimensions) of Your Movie" for details.You have a camcorder or VCR connected but only see video from the Indy Cam.Open the Video Control Panel and select analog as the default input source.You can't find the image, audio, or movie file you just created.Choose "Settings" from the Actions menu. The name displays in the upper portion of the window. Also check in your home directory or the directory in which you started the Capture tool.LBL="" HELPID="Capture.display"ID="33004"About the Capture ToolThe Capture tool changes its appearance slightly depending on the media you choose to record. For example, when you record movies, the display ares shows video. When you record audio, the display area shows a waveform.IDREF="56088" TYPE="GRAPHIC"Figure 2-8 shows the controls you use to choose which media type to record.FILE="capturecam.bw" POSITION="INLINE" SCALE="FALSE"LBL="2-8"Figure 2-8 ID="56088"Controls for choosing media type to recordThe Actions menu contains controls that let you record and preview audio, movies, and images. The Tools menu lets you open the Audio Control Panel and Video Control Panel.LBL="3"ID="18383"The Movie Convert ToolLBL="" HELPID="movieconv_overview"Movie Convert: An OverviewMovie Convert is a tool that lets you manipulate images and movies. It's designed for people who work extensively with images and movie files and often need to convert them from one format to another. You can:convert images from one format to anotherresize or crop imagesconvert a group of numbered images into a movie fileconvert a movie file into a group of separate imagesconvert a movie file from one format to anotherchoose a compression scheme for a movieLBL="" HELPID="movieconv_imgconvert"Changing the File Format of ImagesYou can use Movie Convert to change an image or series of images from one file format to another. This section contains:IDREF="85561" TYPE="TITLE""Changing the File Format of a Single Image"IDREF="51933" TYPE="TITLE""Changing the File Format of a Group of Images"LBL="" HELPID="movieconv_singleimg"ID="85561"Changing the File Format of a Single ImageYou can use Movie Convert to change the file format of an image. To do so:If Movie Convert isn't already running, open it now by clicking the words APP="/usr/sbin/movieconvert" PARMS=""Movie Convert
.The Movie Convert window appears. In the upper left corner, you see a drop pocket and a pathname field. See IDREF="22376" TYPE="GRAPHIC"Figure 3-1.FILE="droppath.bw" POSITION="INLINE" SCALE="FALSE"LBL="3-1"Figure 3-1 ID="22376"The drop pocket and pathname field in the Movie Convert windowSpecify the name of the image file you want to convert.Type the name of the image file in the pathname field, then press <Enter>.Or, find the file icon and place it in the drop pocket.Now the pathname field displays the full name of the image. For example, if you're going to convert a file named beast.rgb in the /usr/tmp directory, the pathname field shows /usr/tmp/beast.rgb.If it is not already selected, click Single image to specify that you want to change the format of a single image.A blue triangle indicates it's selected.If necessary, select a format from the Input format list.If Movie Convert can determine the format of the image, it highlights that format in black. If Movie Convert can't identify the image type, or it selects an incorrect format, select a format from the list.Make sure Images is selected as the output media.The right side of the window shows all of the output options. At the top, you see controls that let you choose whether you want to end up with image files or a movie file. Click Images. A blue triangle indicates it is selected.Click on a format in the scrolling list labeled "Output format."This determines how the file will be converted. The selection is highlighted black when it's selected. See also IDREF="93084" TYPE="TITLE""An Explanation of Input and Output Formats."  It provides a brief description of each abbreviation on the list.Also, if you want to resize the image, see IDREF="99591" TYPE="TITLE""Resizing Images Using Movie Convert."Specify the directory and file name for the image you're creating.In the lower right corner of the window, you see a Directory field and a File template field.In the Directory field, type the name of the directory in which you want the converted image to be stored.In the File template field, type the name of the file. Movie Convert uses the filename suffix to determine the output format. For example, if you type img.gif, Movie Convert automatically resets the output format to gif.Click the Start button to convert the file.LBL="" HELPID="movieconv_groupimg"ID="51933"Changing the File Format of a Group of ImagesIf you have a directory that contains a group of numbered images, all of the same file format, you can use Movie Convert to change the file format of all the files.If Movie Convert isn't already running, open it now by clicking the words APP="/usr/sbin/movieconvert" PARMS=""Movie Convert
.The Movie Convert window appears. In the upper left corner, you see a drop pocket and a pathname field. See IDREF="12420" TYPE="GRAPHIC"Figure 3-2.FILE="droppath.bw" POSITION="INLINE" SCALE="FALSE"LBL="3-2"Figure 3-2 ID="12420"The drop pocket and pathname field in the Movie Convert windowSpecify the name of the directory that contains the numbered images you want to convert.Type the name of the directory in the pathname field, then press <Enter>.Or, find the folder icon for that directory and place it in the drop pocket.Now the pathname field displays the directory name.Click Numbered images to signal that you are working with a collection of images.A blue triangle indicates it's selected. In addition, a new set of controls appears in the lower left portion of the window.Select the appropriate format from the scrolling list labeled "Input format."Movie Convert can only convert a group of files that share  the same file format. Choose the correct format from the list. See IDREF="93084" TYPE="TITLE""An Explanation of Input and Output Formats" for a description of each abbreviation.In the field labeled File template, type the name of the files you want to convert.For example, if you have files named img1.rgb through img20.rgb, type the following in the field: img#.rgb. If you have files named img000.gif through img100.gif, type: img###.gif.Use the Start, End, and Step fields to specify which numbered images to grab.For example, suppose you have numbered images ranging from img1.rgb to img30.rgb and you want to convert the first five images. In this case, you type 1 in the Start field, 5 in the end field, and 1 in the step field. If you have 30 images and want to convert every other one, type 1 in the Start field, 30 in the end field, and 2 in the step field.Make sure Images is selected as the output media.The right side of the window shows all of the output options. At the top, you see controls that let you choose whether you want to end up with image files or a movie file. Click Images. A blue triangle indicates it is selected.Click on a format in the scrolling list labeled "Output format."This determines how the file will be converted. The selection is highlighted black when it's selected. See also IDREF="93084" TYPE="TITLE""An Explanation of Input and Output Formats."Also, if you want to resize the image, see IDREF="99591" TYPE="TITLE""Resizing Images Using Movie Convert."Specify the directory and file name for the images you're creating.In the lower right portion of the window, you see a Directory field and a File template field.In the Directory field, type the name of the directory in which you want the converted image to be stored. In the File template field, type the template you want Movie Convert to use when naming these images. By default, the field displays newimage. You must add a # sign to this name or you will end up with one file named newimage. For example, type newimage# if you want the images to be named newimg0, newimg1, newimg2, etc....NoteMovie Convert uses the filename suffix to determine the output format. If you include a suffix, Movie Convert automatically resets the output format. For example, type img#.gif and Movie Convert resets the output format to gif.In the fields labeled Start and Increment by, choose the numbering scheme you want Movie Convert to use.By default, Movie Convert starts numbering files with 0 and adds 1 for each new file.Click the Start button to convert the file.LBL="" HELPID="movieconv_imgsize"ID="99591"Resizing Images Using Movie ConvertYou can use Movie Convert to resize images as well as change their file format. This feature is most useful if you want to change the size of a large group of numbered images or frames in a movie. If you want to resize one or several images, and your image is in the SGI, TIFF or FIT file format, consider using Image Works to resize your images. To start this program, click the words APP="/usr/sbin/imgworks" PARMS=""Image Works
 now.To resize images using Movie Convert:If Movie Convert isn't already running, open it now by clicking the words APP="/usr/sbin/movieconvert" PARMS=""Movie Convert
.The Movie Convert window appears. In the upper left corner, you see a drop pocket and a pathname field. See IDREF="34164" TYPE="GRAPHIC"Figure 3-3.FILE="droppath.bw" POSITION="INLINE" SCALE="FALSE"LBL="3-3"Figure 3-3 ID="34164"The drop pocket and pathname field in the Movie Convert window.Specify the name of the directory that contains the images you want to resize.Type the name of the directory in the pathname field, then press <Enter>.Or, find the folder icon for that directory and place it in the drop pocket.Now the pathname field displays the directory name.Click Numbered images to signal that you are working with a collection of images.A blue triangle indicates it's selected. In addition, a new set of controls appears in the lower left corner of the window.Select the appropriate format from the scrolling list labeled "Input format."Movie Convert can only resize a group of files that share the same format. Choose the correct format from the list. See IDREF="93084" TYPE="TITLE""An Explanation of Input and Output Formats" for a description of each abbreviation.In the field labeled File template, type the name of the files you want to resize.For example, if you have files named img1.rgb through img20.rgb, type the following in the field: img#.rgb. If you have files named img000.gif through img100.gif, type: img###.gif.Use the Start, End, and Step fields to specify which images to resize.For example, suppose you have numbered images ranging from img1.rgb to img30.rgb and you want to resize the first five images. In this case, you type 1 in the Start field, 5 in the end field, and 1 in the step field. If you have 30 images and want to resize every other one, type 1 in the Start field, 30 in the end field, and 2 in the step field.Make sure Images is selected as the output media.The right side of the window shows all of the output options. At the top, you see controls that let you choose whether you want to end up with image files or a movie file. Click Images. A blue triangle indicates it is selected.Choose a setting under the "Resize method" label.Click Scale to size to shrink or enlarge the entire image.Click Crop/poster to size to cut the image to a specified size or enlarge the image by surrounding it with black. When you crop an image, you don't interactively select the area you want to crop. Movie Convert uses the center of the image as the basis for the crop measurements. TipIf you want to interactively choose the crop area for a single image, and your image is in the SGI, TIFF, or FIT file format, use the tool Image Works. Open it by clicking the words APP="/usr/sbin/imgworks" PARMS=""Image Works
 now.Choose a setting under the Aspect ratio label.Click Original to preserve the aspect ratio of the original image.Click 4:3 to enforce an aspect ratio of four to three. This is the aspect ratio of NTSC video.Click Free if you want to choose a particular size, regardless of aspect ratio.Enter numbers in the Width and Height fields.By default, Movie Convert shows the size, in pixels, of the original image. If you're resizing multiple images, the Width and Height fields show the size of the first image in the sequence.If you've opted to preserve the original ratio or a four-to-three ratio, you'll notice that changing the value in one field automatically causes the other field to update. If you want to convert the image to a different file format, click on a format in the scrolling list labeled "Output format."If you want to preserve the original format, make sure the input and output formats match.Specify the directory and file name for the image you're creating.In the lower right portion of the window, you see a Directory field and a File template field.In the Directory field, type the name of the directory in which you want the converted images to be stored.In the File template field, type the template you want Movie Convert to use when naming these images. By default, the field displays newimage. If you are resizing multiple images, you must add a # sign to this name or you will end up with one file named newimage. For example, type newimage# if you want the images to be named newimg0, newimg1, newimg2, etc....NoteMovie Convert uses the filename suffix to determine the output format. If you include a suffix, Movie Convert automatically resets the output format. For example, type img#.gif and Movie Convert resets the output format to gif.In the fields labeled Start and Increment by, choose the numbering scheme you want Movie Convert to use.By default, Movie Convert starts numbering files with 0 and adds 1 for each new file.Press the Start button when you're ready to convert the images to the new size.LBL="" HELPID="movieconv_movieformat"Changing the File Format and Compression Scheme of MoviesMovie Convert lets you change the format of movie files. It does not convert the accompanying soundtrack, however. If your movie file contains a soundtrack, it is lost when you convert the file. If you have an SGI movie file, you can also use Movie Maker to change it to a different file format and preserve the soundtrack. To open this tool, click the words APP="/usr/sbin/moviemaker" PARMS=""Movie Maker
 now.To change formats using Movie Convert:If Movie Convert isn't already running, open it now by clicking the words APP="/usr/sbin/movieconvert" PARMS=""Movie Convert
.The Movie Convert window appears. In the upper left corner, you see a drop pocket and a pathname field. See IDREF="37033" TYPE="GRAPHIC"Figure 3-4.FILE="droppath.bw" POSITION="INLINE" SCALE="FALSE"LBL="3-4"Figure 3-4 ID="37033"The drop pocket and pathname field in the Movie Convert windowSpecify the name of the movie file you want to convert.Type the name of the movie file in the pathname field, then press <Enter>.Or, find the file icon and place it in the drop pocket.Now the pathname field displays the full name of the movie. For example, if you're going to convert a movie named beast.mv in the /usr/tmp directory, the pathname field would show /usr/tmp/beast.mv.Specify the range of frames that you want to convert.By default, Movie Convert will convert all of the frames in a movie. To specify a range of frames, enter numbers in the Start, End, and Step fields. For example, to create a movie that contains frames 1 through 50, type 1 in the Start field, 50 in the End field, and 1 in the Step field. To create a movie that contains every other frame, up to frame 200, type 1 in the Start field, 200 in the End field, and 2 in the Step field.Make sure Movies is selected as the output media.The right side of the window shows all of the output options. At the top, you see controls that let you choose whether you want to end up with image files or a movie file. Click Movie. A blue triangle indicates it is selected.Choose a file format and compression scheme from the menu button labeled Compression.The top two choices, Apple Animation and Apple Video, produce QuickTime movie files. The lower six choices provide compression schemes for SGI movie files. Specify the directory and file name for the movie you're creating.In the lower right portion of the window, you see a Directory field and a File template field.In the Directory field, type the name of the directory in which you want the converted movie to be stored.In the File template field, type the name of the file.Enter the frame rate at which you'd like the movie to play.Typically, people choose a number between 1 and 30. By default, Movie Convert chooses 12.Press the Start button to convert the movie.LBL="" HELPID="movieconv_imgtomovie"Turning a Collection of Images into a MovieIf you have a directory that contains a group of numbered images, all of the same file format, you can use Movie Convert to collapse the collection of images into a movie file. Alternately, if all your image are SGI image files, you can use Movie Maker. To to open Movie Maker, click the words APP="/usr/sbin/moviemaker" PARMS=""Movie Maker
 now.To create a movie file using Movie Convert:If Movie Convert isn't already running, open it now by clicking the words APP="/usr/sbin/movieconvert" PARMS=""Movie Convert
.The Movie Convert window appears. In the upper left corner, you see a drop pocket and a pathname field. See IDREF="35408" TYPE="GRAPHIC"Figure 3-5.FILE="droppath.bw" POSITION="INLINE" SCALE="FALSE"LBL="3-5"Figure 3-5 ID="35408"The drop pocket and pathname field in the Movie Convert windowSpecify the name of the directory that contains the numbered images you want to convert.Type the name of the directory in the pathname field, then press <Enter>.Or, find the folder icon for that directory and place it in the drop pocket.Now the pathname field displays the directory name.Click Numbered images to signal that you are working with a collection of images.A blue triangle indicates it's selected. In addition, a new set of controls appears in the lower left corner of the window.Seelct the appropriate format from the scrolling list labeled "Input format."Movie Convert can only convert files that are in the same format. Choose the correct format from the list.In the field labeled File template, type the name of the files you want to use in your movie.For example, if you have files named img1.rgb through img20.rgb, type the following in the field: img#.rgb. If you have files named img000.gif through img100.gif, type: img###.gif.Use the Start, End, and Step fields to specify which numbered images to grab.For example, suppose you have numbered images ranging from img1.rgb to img30.rgb and you want to use the first five images. In this case, type 1 in the Start field, 5 in the end field, and 1 in the step field. If you have 30 images and want to use every other one, type 1 in the Start field, 30 in the end field, and 2 in the step field.Make sure Movies is selected as the output media.The right side of the window shows all of the output options. At the top, you see controls that let you choose whether you want to end up with image files or a movie file. Click Movies. A blue triangle indicates it is selected.If the images are different sizes, click Scale to size, select an Aspect ratio setting, then type measurements in the Width and Height fields.If you leave the images at Original size, you'll encounter problems. The second and all subsequent frames in the movie will be badly distorted.Choose a file format and compression scheme from the menu button labeled Compression.The top two choices, Apple Animation and Apple Video, produce QuickTime movie files. The lower six choices provide compression schemes for SGI movie files. Specify the directory and file name for the movie you're creating.In the lower right portion of the window, you see a Directory field and a File template field.In the Directory field, type the name of the directory in which you want the movie to be stored.In the File name field, type the name of the file. By default, the name movie.mv appears.Enter the frame rate at which you'd like the movie to play.Typically, people choose a number between 1 and 30. By default, Movie Convert chooses 12.Press the Start button to convert the numbered images into a movie.LBL="" HELPID="movieconv_movietoimg"Decomposing a Movie into a Series of Image FilesMovie Convert lets you transform a movie file into a collection of image files. If you have an SGI movie file, and you want to produce images in the SGI image file format, you can also use Movie Maker. To start this tool, click the words APP="/usr/sbin/moviemaker" PARMS=""Movie Maker
 now.To convert a movie into images using Movie Convert:If Movie Convert isn't already running, open it now by clicking the words APP="/usr/sbin/movieconvert" PARMS=""Movie Convert
.The Movie Convert window appears. In the upper left corner, you see a drop pocket and a pathname field. See IDREF="33049" TYPE="GRAPHIC"Figure 3-6.FILE="droppath.bw" POSITION="INLINE" SCALE="FALSE"LBL="3-6"Figure 3-6 ID="33049"The drop pocket and pathname field in the Movie Convert windowSpecify the name of the movie file you want to convert.Type the name of the movie file in the pathname field, then press <Enter>.Or, find the file icon and place it in the drop pocket.Now the pathname field displays the full name of the movie. For example, if you're going to convert a movie named beast.mv in the /usr/tmp directory, the pathname field would show /usr/tmp/beast.mv.Specify the range of frames that you want to save as image files.By default, Movie Convert will convert all of the frames in a movie. To specify a range of frames, click All to disable the default setting, then enter numbers in the Start, End, and Step fields. For example, to create image files for frames 1 through 50, type 1 in the Start field, 50 in the End field, and 1 in the Step field. To create image files for every other frame, up to frame 200, type 1 in the Start field, 200 in the End field, and 2 in the Step field.Make sure Images is selected as the output media.The right side of the window shows all of the output options. At the top, you see controls that let you choose whether you want to end up with image files or a movie file. Click Images. A blue triangle indicates it is selected.Click on a format in the scrolling list labeled "Output format."This determines how the file will be converted. The item is highlighted black when it's selected. See IDREF="93084" TYPE="TITLE""An Explanation of Input and Output Formats" for a description of each abbreviation on the list.Specify the directory and file name for the images you're creating.In the lower right portion of the window, you see a Directory field and a File template field.In the Directory field, type the name of the directory in which you want the converted images to be stored. In the File template field, type the template you want Movie Convert to use when naming these images. By default, the field displays newimage. You must add a # sign to this name or you will end up with one file named newimage. For example, type newimage# if you want the images to be named newimg0, newimg1, newimg2, etc....NoteMovie Convert uses the filename suffix to determine the output format. If you type img#.gif, Movie Convert automatically resets the output format to gif.In the fields labeled "Start" and "Increment by," choose the numbering scheme you want Movie Convert to use.By default, Movie Convert starts numbering files with 0 and adds 1 for each new file.Click the Start button to convert the movie into a series of numbered image files.LBL="" HELPID=""About Movie Convert's ControlsLBL="" HELPID=""The Input SideLBL="" HELPID="mvconvert_droppocket"The Drop PocketThe drop pocket is a place for you to put icons of the image or movie files you want to convert. Place a folder icon in the drop pocket if you want to convert a series of numbered image files, all stored in that directory.LBL="" HELPID="mvconvert_pathname"The Pathname FieldThe pathname field is a place for you to specify the name of the file you want to convert. By default, it displays the pathname of your home directory. If you place an icon in the drop pocket, the pathname field automatically updates and shows the pathname for that icon.LBL="" HELPID="mvconvert_recycle"The Recycle ButtonThe Recycle button provides a list of files and directories whose names have appeared in the pathname field. Place the cursor over the button, then press the left mouse button to see the list.LBL="" HELPID="mvconvert_inputtype"The Input Type ControlsThe Input Type controls let you specify what you want to convertname='mdash' font=symbol charset=fontspecific code=190 
			descr='[mdash]'a single image file or a group of numbered images.Click Numbered images if you've used the drop pocket or pathname field to specify the name of a directory that contains numbered images (img1.rgb, img2.rgb, img3.rgb, for example).LBL="" HELPID="mvconvert_inputformat"The Input Format ListThe list contains the name of all the image file formats that Movie Convert accepts. By default, when you specify a single image file name, Movie Convert highlights the correct format. If Movie Convert can't determine the file type, or you specify a directory that contains multiple image files, you need to select the input format.See also IDREF="93084" TYPE="TITLE""An Explanation of Input and Output Formats." It provides a brief description of each abbreviation on the list.LBL="" HELPID="mvconvert_inputmovie"Movie Input ControlsThese controls appears when you enter the name of a movie file in the pathname field. They determine which frames of the movie to convert. By default, Movie Convert converts all frames in a movie. To specify a range of frames, click All. When the checkmark disappears, you can enter numbers in the Start, End, and Step fields. The Step field determines which frames in the sequence to usename='mdash' font=symbol charset=fontspecific code=190 
			descr='[mdash]'every frame in the sequence, every other frame, or every third frame, for example.LBL="" HELPID="mvconvert_inputdir"The Input Directory NameThis field appears if you're working with a series of numbered images. It displays the name of the directory that contains the image files. You cannot edit this field; Movie Convert pulls this information from the pathname field at the top of the window.LBL="" HELPID="mvconvert_inputtemplate"The Input File TemplateThis field appears if you're working with a series of numbered images. Use it to specify the names of the files you want to convert. Most importantly, use this to specify where the numeral appears in the file name. For example, if the directory contains files named img1.rgb, img2.rgb, and img3.rgb, you type: img#.rgb.LBL="" HELPID="mvconvert_inputstart"The Input Start FieldThis field appears if you're converting a sequence of numbered images. Type the number of the image that you want to use as the starting point for the sequence. For example, if you have image files ranging from img1.rgb to img20.rgb, and you want to start with img2.rgb, type 2 in the Start field.LBL="" HELPID="mvconvert_inputend"The Input End FieldThis field appears if you're converting a sequence of numbered images. Type the number of the image that you want to mark the end of the sequence. For example, if you have image files ranging from img1.rgb to img20.rgb, and you want to end with img15.rgb, type 15 in the End field.LBL="" HELPID="mvconvert_inputstep"The Input Step FieldThis field appears if you're converting a sequence of numbered images. Use it to specify which images in the sequence you want to convertname='mdash' font=symbol charset=fontspecific code=190 
			descr='[mdash]'every one, every other one, or every third one, for example.LBL="" HELPID="mvconvert_imagecount"The Number of Images FieldThis field appears if you're converting a sequence of numbered images. Movie Convert looks at the Start, End, and Step fields and calculates the number of images you're going to convert.LBL="" HELPID=""The Output SideLBL="" HELPID="mvconvert_outputtype"The Output Type ControlsThe Output Type controls let you choose whether you want to create image files or movie files. For example, if you want to change the file format of an image, click Images. If you want to convert a collection of images into a movie file, click Movies.LBL="" HELPID="mvconvert_resize"The Resize ControlsThe Resize controls let you change the size of image files and frames within a movie file. By default, Movie Convert maintains the original image size. Click Scale to size to shrink or enlarge the entire image. Click Crop/poster to size to cut the image to a specified size or enlarge the image by surrounding it with black. Click Same as original to preserve the original size. When you crop an image, you don't interactively select the area you want to crop. Movie Convert uses the center of the image as the basis for the crop measurements.NoteIf you're consolidating a series of different-sized images into a movie, you'll notice that Movie Convert makes all images the size of the first input file. In doing so, it distorts the second and all subsequent frames in the movie. If you choose another resize option, Movie Maker converts all the images to the specified size. See also IDREF="99591" TYPE="TITLE""Resizing Images Using Movie Convert."LBL="" HELPID="mvconvert_aspect"The Aspect Ratio ControlsBy default, Movie Convert preserves the aspect ratio of the original image. You can choose to enforce an aspect ratio of four to three, which is the aspect ratio of NTSC video. Or, click Free if you want to choose a particular size, regardless of aspect ratio.LBL="" HELPID="mvconvert_width"The Width and Height FieldsBy default, Movie Convert shows the size of the original image, in pixels, in the Width and Height fields. Enter different numbers in these fields if you want to enlarge, shrink, or crop the image. NoteIf you've opted to preserve the original ratio or a four-to-three ratio, you'll notice that changing the value in one field automatically causes the other field to update. LBL="" HELPID="mvconvert_compressiontype"Movie Format and Compression ChoicesThe Compressionmenu button lets you convert a movie file from one format to another. The top two menu itemsname='mdash' font=symbol charset=fontspecific code=190 
			descr='[mdash]'Apple Animation and Apple Videoname='mdash' font=symbol charset=fontspecific code=190 
			descr='[mdash]'create QuickTime movie files. Apple Animation is best suited for sequences of images or other computer-generated content; Apple Video is best suited for sequenced video data.The remaining menu items create Silicon Graphics movie files. MVC1, MVC2, RLE, and RLE24 provide various forms of compression.LBL="" HELPID="mvconvert_outputdir"The Output Directory NameUse the Directory field to specify the name of the directory in which you want to store the new files. By default, this field displays the name of the directory from which you ran Movie Convert.LBL="" HELPID="mvconvert_outputtemplate"The Output File TemplateUse the File Template field to specify the name of the file you're creating. By default, this field displays newimage. If you're converting a series of numbered images, add a # to the file name. The # is replaced with a number. For example, if you type newimage#, you'll end up with files named newimage0, newimage1, newimage2, etc...If you're creating a movie file, the label changes to "File Name" and the default name changes to movie.mv.LBL="" HELPID="mvconvert_framerate"The Frame Rate FieldSpecify how quickly you want the movie to play in the Frame Rate field. Typically, people choose a number between 1 and 30. By default, Movie Convert chooses 12, resulting in movies that display 12 frames per second.LBL="" HELPID="mvconvert_outputimgformat"The Output Image FormatThis list contains the name of all the image file formats that Movie Convert produces. Select an item from this list when you're changing the format of images.See also IDREF="93084" TYPE="TITLE""An Explanation of Input and Output Formats." It provides a brief description of each abbreviation on the list.LBL="" HELPID="mvconvert_outputstart"The Output Start FieldThe Start field works in conjunction with the File Template field. The number you enter in this field determines how the file names are numbered. For example, if the File Template field contains newimage# and the Start field contains 5, you end up with files named newimage5, newimage6, etc...LBL="" HELPID="mvconvert_outputstep"The Output Increment By FieldThe Increment by field works in conjunction with the File Template and Start fields. The number you enter in this field determines how the file names are numbered. For example, if the File Template field contains newimage#, the Start field contains 5, and the Increment by field contains 2, you end up with files named newimage5, newimage7, newimage9, etc...LBL="" HELPID="mvconvert_startbutton"The Start ButtonPress the Start button when you're ready to convert the image or movie files.LBL="" HELPID="mvconvert_shortcuts"Keyboard Shortcuts for Movie ConvertMovie Convert only has two menu commands: "Open" and "Exit." The keyboard shortcuts are:"Open"<Ctrl>-o and <Alt>-f; o"Exit"<Ctrl>-q and <Alt>-f; xLBL="" HELPID=""ID="93084"An Explanation of Input and Output FormatsThis section provides a list of all the input and output formats Movie Convert accepts.bmpMicrosoft® Windows BitMaP file curMicrosoft Windows CURsor file epsEncapsulated PostScript (write-only) gifCompuServe Graphics Image Format File hdfHierarchical Data Format File icoMicrosoft Windows ICOn file iconSunÔ Icon and Cursor filempntApple Macintosh MacPaint file pbmPortable Bit Map filepgmPortable Grayscale Map file picPIXAR PICture file pictApple Macintosh QuickDraw/PICT file pictSoftImage PICT file (read-only) pixAlias PIXel image file pnmPortable aNy Map file ppmPortable Pixel Map file psPostScript (write-only) rasSun RASterfile rgbSGI RGB image file rgba4 component SGI image file rgbA4 component SGI image file with generated alpha rlaWavefrontÔ raster image file rleUtah Runlength-encoded image file rpbmRaw Portable Bit Map file rpgmRaw Portable Grayscale Map file rpnmRaw Portable aNy Map file rppmRaw Portable Pixel Map file synuSynu image file tgaTruevision Targa image file tiff agged Image File viffKhoros Visualization Image File Format xStardent AVS X image filexbmX11 Bit Map file xwdX Window Dump image fileLBL="" HELPID="mvconvert_troubleshoot"Troubleshooting Movie Convert ProblemsThis section lists some of the problems you might encounter while using Movie Convert and provides suggested workarounds for them.You typed a new file or directory name in the pathname field but the drop pocket displays the wrong icon.Press the <Enter> key after typing a new name in the pathname field. This updates the drop pocket.You expected Movie Convert to identify the input format of the image.Press the <Enter> key after typing a new name in the pathname field. If the filename has a suffix that identifies its type, Movie Convert selects that format from the scrolling list. If the filename doesn't identify the image format, you need to select an item in the list.You expect to create multiple image files but you end up with one image file instead.Look in the field labeled "File Template." By default, this field contains the name newimage. If you input several image files, and don't change the name, you end up with one file named newimage.To create multiple image files, you must include a # sign in the name. For example, you could enter the name newimage#. The # sign is replaced with a number during the conversion.Movie Convert says it's going to convert more images than you expect it to convert.Movie Convert looks at the Start, Stop, and Step fields to determine how many images you're going to convert. For example, if you start with 1, end with 30, and have a step count of 1, Movie Convert thinks you're going to convert 30 images. It does not check to see if you actually have 30 files that match the file name template you specified.Your movie file lost its soundtrack.Movie Convert discards the soundtrack when it converts a movie file from one format to another. If your movie is an SGI movie file, consider using Movie Maker to convert the file to a different format. It preserves the soundtrack.In the movie file you created, the second and all subsequent frames in the movie are badly distorted.Perhaps you composed your movie out of different-sized images. Try making the movie again. This time, click the Scale to size button, then specify a width and height. All of the images are resized accordingly and combined in a movie file.You see the error message "Unrecognized file type. Please select a different format from the scrolling list of input formats."Movie Convert cannot determine the input format of all file types. If you see this message, you need to select a format from the list. If you've already selected a format, try selecting a different format. The one you chose initially was inaccurate.You see the error message "Please select an output format from the scrolling list." You did not choose an output format for the image files you're creating. Select an output format from the list, then try converting the file again.You see the error message "Please specify an input file name."You forgot to specify the name of the file you want to convert. Perhaps you specified a directory name but forgot to include the file name.You see the error message "You don't have permission to create files in the specified output directory."You do not have permission to place files in the directory you specified. Specify a different directory, then try converting the file again. To evaluate the permission settings for that directory, use basic desktop capabilities. Select the folder icon, then choose "Permissions" from the Selected menu.LBL="4"ID="69996"Using Movie MakerThis chapter contains these sections:IDREF="33674" TYPE="TITLE""Movie Maker: An Overview"IDREF="34094" TYPE="TITLE""Running Movie Maker"IDREF="79977" TYPE="TITLE""Manipulating Movie Files"IDREF="82011" TYPE="TITLE""Making Movies"IDREF="88648" TYPE="TITLE""Editing a Movie"IDREF="95087" TYPE="TITLE""Previewing a Movie"IDREF="56572" TYPE="TITLE""Setting Movie Playback Options"IDREF="52280" TYPE="TITLE""About the Movie Maker Display"LBL="" HELPID="mmaker.about"ID="33674"Movie Maker: An OverviewThe Movie Maker tool lets you combine audio, video, and still images and save them as a movie. Use the controls below the movie to play a sample movie.TYPE="SGIVIDEO" PARM1="Collage_4.mv"LBL=""Media  Movie made with Movie Maker.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="34094"Running Movie MakerYou can open Movie Maker in one of several ways:Double-click the Movie Maker icon on the Media Tools page of the Icon Catalog.Open a shell window, then type the word moviemaker.Click the words APP="/usr/sbin/moviemaker" PARMS=""MovieAPP="/usr/sbin/moviemaker" PARMS=""Maker 
to open Movie Maker now.LBL="" HELPID="mmaker.manip"ID="79977"Manipulating Movie FilesLBL="" HELPID="mmaker.open"Opening Existing FilesTo open an existing movie file, choose "Open" from the File menu. Use the file browser that appears to select the movie file you want to open. NoteYou can only open movie files that are saved in the SGI movie file format or QuickTime movie file format. If you have a file of another format, use the tool Movie Convert to change the format. See IDREF="18383" TYPE="TITLE"Chapter 3, "The Movie Convert Tool," for details.LBL="" HELPID="mmaker.save"Saving a MovieMovie Maker edits movies in place; it does not have a "Save" option. Any changes you make take effect immediatelyname='mdash' font=symbol charset=fontspecific code=190 
			descr='[mdash]'you don't have to click an Apply or Accept button. For this reason, type in a new file name when you open a new movie file and make a backup copy of any existing file you open. The system prompts you in both cases. You will be changing the original file, not the backup.Neglecting to make backups will cause you to lose your original movie. See IDREF="36132" TYPE="TITLE""Exporting a Movie" for information on using the "Export" command under the File menu to save movie files.NoteYou can't make backups of or edit movie files that are marked Read Only.LBL="" HELPID="mmaker.exporting"ID="36132"Exporting a MovieMovie Maker saves your movie into a file as you create or edit it. You also have several options for exporting a movie file. When you export a movie file, you make a new file out of an existing file.To export a section of the movie into its own file, select the region you want to save, then choose "Movie File..." from the Export rollover menu. To select a different file format or compression scheme, see IDREF="15318" TYPE="TITLE""Exporting QuickTime Movies" and IDREF="54278" TYPE="TITLE""Compressing Movie Files."To export only the images that make up the movie, select the images you want to save, then choose "One Sequenced Image..." or "Collection of Images..." from the Export rollover menu. "One Sequenced Image." saves a sequence of images into one FIT image file; "Collection of Images." saves each image into a separate image file and lets you choose which format to usename='mdash' font=symbol charset=fontspecific code=190 
			descr='[mdash]'TIFF, SGI image, or FIT.To save the soundtrack of a movie, select the region of audio you want to save, then choose "Audio File..." from the Export rollover menu.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="15318"Exporting QuickTime MoviesBy default, Movie Maker creates movie files in the SGI movie file format. You can choose to export files as QuickTimeÔ files instead. To do so:Select the movie, or region of the movie, you want to export as a QuickTime movie.The selected region is highlighted lavender.Choose "Movie Export Options..." from the Export Movie Selection rollover on the File menu.The window shown in IDREF="60469" TYPE="GRAPHIC"Figure 4-1 appears.FILE="movieexport.bw" POSITION="INLINE" SCALE="FALSE"LBL="4-1"Figure 4-1 ID="60469"The Movie Export Options windowClick Apple QuickTime.A blue triangle indicated it's selected.Click Accept to apply the setting and close window.Choose "Movie File..." from the Export Movie Selection rollover to actually save the QuickTime file.LBL="" HELPID="mmaker.compressing"ID="54278"Compressing Movie FilesIDREF="97968" TYPE="TITLE""Compressing Images When Creating a Movie" describes how to compress images when you make your movie. This section describes how to choose a compression scheme when you export your movie.Select the movie, or region of the movie, you want to export.The selected region is highlighted lavender.Choose "Movie Export Options..." from the Export Movie Selection rollover on the File menu.Select a compression scheme from the  menu button labeled Use compression.If you are exporting the file as an SGI movie file, these compression options are available:  No Compression  SGI Movie Video 1 (MVC1)  SGI Movie Video 2 (MVC2)  SGI Movie Animation (RLE)  SGI/Apple Photo (JPEG)  If you are exporting to an Apple® QuickTime file, these compression options are available:  No Compression  Apple Video (RPZA)  Apple Animation (RLE)  SGI/Apple Photo (JPEG) Click Accept to apply the settings and close the window.Choose "Movie File..." from the Export Movie Selection rollover to actually export the file with that compression scheme.If you want to change the compression scheme on an existing movie, open the movie in Movie Maker, then choose "No Compression" from the Movie Export Options window. Finally, choose "Movie File..." from the Export Movie Selection rollover to actually export the file with a new name.LBL="" HELPID=""Exporting ImagesYou can save selected images into one file or as a collection of separate image files. This section describes how to save the images as a collection and specify the file format.Select the images you want to export.The selected images are highlighted lavender.Choose "Collection of Images..." from the Export Selected Images or Export Movie Selection rollover on the File menu.A File Browser appears.Use the button labeled File Format to choose the format in which you want to save the file. Close the File Browser when you are finished.LBL="" HELPID="mmaker.optimize"ID="35604"Optimizing Movie FilesWhen you edit a movie, you rearrange, insert, or remove audio and video tracks. As you do this, the new information is appended to the end of your movie file. This saves time by allowing you to edit without having to wait for the system to rearrange the movie tracks every time you make a change.When you optimize a movie you tell the system to rearrange and save the tracks as they appear in the Movie Maker window. This makes the movie play back at its best, with the audio and video fully integrated.To optimize a movie choose "Optimize" from the Options menu. If you forget to optimize a movie before you quit Movie Maker, a dialog box appears prompting you to do so.LBL="" HELPID="mmaker.creating"ID="82011"Making MoviesThis section describes how you use Movie Maker to create movies. The following sub-sections describe how to put the parts of a movie together:IDREF="45683" TYPE="TITLE""Creating the Original Content for Movies"IDREF="31944" TYPE="TITLE""Inserting Images into a Movie"IDREF="83803" TYPE="TITLE""Resizing Images"IDREF="97881" TYPE="TITLE""Inserting Audio Tracks into a Movie"IDREF="34691" TYPE="TITLE""Inserting Existing Movies"LBL="" HELPID="mmaker.createorig"ID="45683"Creating the Original Content for MoviesMovie Maker lets you combine audio, video, and still images and save them as a movie. Most of this section describes how you insert and manipulate existing movie, image, and audio files. This section briefly describes the ways in which you can create the original content.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="29119"Creating Movies from Live VideoIf you have an Indy workstation, you can turn video and audio into a movie file using the Capture tool. For more information on how to use the Capture tool to record a movie or create soundtracks and still images, see the help cards on the Capture tool or IDREF="40414" TYPE="TITLE"Chapter 2, "The Capture Tool." To open the Capture tool, click the words APP="/usr/sbin/capture" PARMS=""Capture tool
 now.If you have an Indigo with an Indigo Video board, use the svtomovie command to capture live video. When you type svtomovie, a video input window appears and a message appears in the shell window from which you ran svtomovie. The message prompts you to press the 
<Enter> key when you are ready to begin recording the video into a movie file. For further details on svtomovie, see the svtomovie man page. For more details on working with video, see the help cards on the Video Panel or IDREF="77100" BOOK="MediaCtls_UG" FILE="ch2.vcp.doc" HDG=""Chapter 2, "Video Panel," of the Media Control Panels User's Guide.LBL="" HELPID=""Creating SoundtracksYou can use one of several tools to record a soundtrack for your movie.Use the Capture tool to record sound from a microphone or other audio source. To open the Capture tool, click the words APP="/usr/sbin/capture -audio" PARMS=""Capture tool
 now.Use Sound Editor to record sound and edit the track once it's recorded. To open Sound Editor, click the words APP="/usr/sbin/soundeditor" PARMS=""Sound Editor
 now.Use CD Manager or DAT Manager to record sounds from compact disc or DAT tape. LBL="" HELPID=""Creating ImagesYou can use one of several tools to create images for your movie:Use the Capture tool to take pictures from a video camera or snapshots from the screen. To open the Capture tool, click the words APP="/usr/sbin/capture" PARMS=""Capture tool
 now.Use the program Image Works to create special effects for still images. To open Image Works, click the words APP="/usr/sbin/imgworks" PARMS=""Image Works
 now.LBL="" HELPID="mmaker.insertimg"ID="31944"Inserting Images into a MovieTo insert still images into a movie:Place the edit line where you want to insert the images. The new images are inserted after the edit line.See IDREF="78867" TYPE="TITLE""Selecting a Portion of the Movie" for directions on how to place the edit line.Choose 
"Insert" from the File menu. The File Browser appears. Double-click the name of the image files you want to insert. To insert many images at once, hold down the <Shift> key while selecting the images. The images are inserted in the same order as they appear in the File Browser. You can also insert many images at once if you drag over multiple file names.By default, the images you insert are resized to match the size of the existing images. See also IDREF="83803" TYPE="TITLE""Resizing Images."Click the Accept button. The cursor turns into a watch. Resizing images can take up to five seconds per frame. A snapshot of each image appears in the Movie Maker window. The snapshot for the first and last image you insert appears to be twice the size of the others.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="83803"Resizing ImagesAll of the framesname='mdash' font=symbol charset=fontspecific code=190 
			descr='[mdash]'imagesname='mdash' font=symbol charset=fontspecific code=190 
			descr='[mdash]'in your movie need to be the same size. If you're inserting images into an existing movie, the images you insert will be resized to match the size of the existing images. Otherwise, you can use the Movie Composition form to specify how you want the images to be resized.Choose "Insert" from the File menu. The File Browser appears.Click the Options... button. The Movie Composition form appears. See IDREF="42088" TYPE="GRAPHIC"Figure 4-2.Specify how you want to resize images:Click the button next to "Make frame size same as first inserted frame."Or, click the button next to "Make frame size as follows;" then fill in the fields for Width and Height.Click Accept to apply the settings and close the window.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="97968"Compressing Images When Creating a MovieYou can create a smaller movie by compressing images when you insert them into a new movie.Choose "Insert" from the File menu.The File Browser appears.Click the Options... button on the File Browser to open the Movie Composition form. See IDREF="42088" TYPE="GRAPHIC"Figure 4-2.FILE="moviecomp.bw" POSITION="INLINE" SCALE="FALSE"LBL="4-2"Figure 4-2 ID="42088"The Movie Composition form.Click the button next to the label Use compression to view a pop-up menu listing available compression schemes. SGI Movie Video [MVC1]Compresses relatively quickly. Compresses about 5 bits per pixel, on average. Results in a file that's 5 times smaller. Half-size movies play back at 15 frames per second, at least, depending on your system's capabilities.SGI Movie Video [MVC2]Compresses more slowly than MVC1. Compresses about 2 bits per pixel, on average. Results in a file that's approximately 20 times smaller. Half-size movies play back at 25 frames per second, at least, depending on your system's capabilities.SGI Movie Animation [RLE}Best used with synthetically-generated material, such as a screen snapshot, that has large areas of the same color. This scheme is not recommended for live video. Compression rates depend heavily on the nature of the source material.SGI/Apple Photo [JPEG]Compresses the file so it's 16 times smaller. Half-size movies play back at 2 frames per second, at least, depending on your system's capabilities.Click the Accept button to apply the setting and close the window.This becomes the default setting.Use the File Browser to select the images to insert.LBL="" HELPID="mmaker.insertaudio"ID="97881"Inserting Audio Tracks into a Movie Movie Maker lets you import sound into a movie file. You can add a series of different sound tracks, intersperse sounds with voice-overs or silence, or mix your own combination of sounds and import them into your movie file. To add audio to your movie:Place the edit line where you want to insert the sound. The new audio is placed after the edit line.See IDREF="78867" TYPE="TITLE""Selecting a Portion of the Movie" for directions on how to place the edit line.Choose 
"Insert" from the File menu. The File Browser appears. Double-click on the name of the audio file you want to insert.Drag over multiple file names if you want to add more than one audio file to your movie.All audio files must have the same sampling rate, sampling width, file format, and number of channels. Use Sound Filer to print this information about a sound file. See IDREF="45637" TYPE="TITLE"Chapter 6, "Sound Filer," and the Media Control Panels User's Guide, IDREF="11434" BOOK="MediaCtls_UG" FILE="ch3.apanel.doc" HDG=""Chapter 3, "Audio Control Panel," to learn more about sampling rates.Click Accept. The cursor turns into a watch. After a few seconds, a waveform appears in the lower portion of the Movie Maker window. This represents the audio file you inserted.LBL="" HELPID="mmaker.insertmovie"ID="34691"Inserting Existing MoviesYou can use existing movies as source material for a new movie. Place the edit line where you want to insert the new movie. The new movie is placed after the edit line.See IDREF="78867" TYPE="TITLE""Selecting a Portion of the Movie" for directions on how to place the edit line.Choose "Insert" from the File menu. The File Browser appears.Move to the directory that contains the file you want to insert; then click on the name of the file. Click on or drag over multiple file names if you want to add more than one file to your movie.Click Accept. The cursor turns into a watch. After a few seconds, a snapshot of each image appears in the upper portion of the Movie Maker window and, if the movie contains a soundtrack, a waveform appears in the lower portion of the Movie Maker window. NoteIf both movies have soundtracks, the soundtracks must have the same sampling rate, sampling width, file format, and number of channels.LBL="" HELPID="mmaker.editing"ID="88648"Editing a MovieOnce you've compiled the different pieces of your movie, you can rearrange them using the 
"Cut," 
"Copy,""Clear, "and 
"Paste" commands on the 
Edit menu. These sections describe how to edit a movie:IDREF="78867" TYPE="TITLE""Selecting a Portion of the Movie"IDREF="72137" TYPE="TITLE""Deleting a Portion of a Movie"IDREF="70128" TYPE="TITLE""Copying a Portion of a Movie"IDREF="78960" TYPE="TITLE""Replacing a Portion of a Movie with Blank Frames or Silence"LBL="" HELPID="mmaker.select"ID="78867"Selecting a Portion of the MovieYou select a portion of your movie if you want to cut, copy, clear, or save a section of it. You can select different tracks of the moviename='mdash' font=symbol charset=fontspecific code=190 
			descr='[mdash]'the images or the soundtrackname='mdash' font=symbol charset=fontspecific code=190 
			descr='[mdash]'or the entire movie. To select a portion of a movie:Place your cursor in the part of the editing area that contains the items you want to select; then click the left mouse button.To select images, place the cursor in the top third of the editing area, where you see snapshots of the images.To select audio, place the cursor in the lower third of the window, where you see the audio waveform.To select the entire moviename='mdash' font=symbol charset=fontspecific code=190 
			descr='[mdash]'images and audioname='mdash' font=symbol charset=fontspecific code=190 
			descr='[mdash]'place the cursor in the middle section, where you see numbers representing the frame count of the movie. The button next to the "Select" label changes to reflect your selection.Press and drag the cursor to select an area. Several visual cues indicate the area you have selected. See IDREF="63756" TYPE="GRAPHIC"Figure 4-3.The area you select is highlighted in lavender.The first image and last image in the selected region double in size.The fields next to "Start" and "End" display the number of the first and last frame selected.FILE="ch3-2.bw" POSITION="INLINE" SCALE="FALSE"LBL="4-3"Figure 4-3 ID="63756"Selecting a portion of a movie.TipYou can extend your selection by pressing the <Shift> key and sliding the cursor.LBL="" HELPID=""Selecting a Portion of the Movie: An Alternate MethodYou can also use the controls along the bottom of the Movie Maker window to make and change a selection.Place the cursor over the Imagesmenu button then press the left mouse button. A menu appears with three choices: "Images," "Movie," and "Audio." Select the one you want to edit.Type the starting and ending frame number in the fields next to "Start" and "End". Before moving the cursor out of each field, press the 
<Enter> key.The selection region is highlighted in lavender.TipYou can extend your selection by pressing the <Shift> key and sliding the cursor.LBL="" HELPID="mmaker.delete"ID="72137"Deleting a Portion of a MovieTo delete a portion of a movie:Select the portion of the movie, images, or audio you want to delete. See IDREF="78867" TYPE="TITLE""Selecting a Portion of the Movie" for instructions on how to place the edit line.Choose "Cut..." from the Edit menu. The word "Cut" is followed by "movie, "images," or "audio," depending on what you have selected.The selected portion disappears and is stored in a cut buffer so that it can be pasted later.LBL="" HELPID="mmaker.copy"ID="70128"Copying a Portion of a MovieTo copy a portion of a movie:Select the portion of the movie you want to copy. See IDREF="78867" TYPE="TITLE""Selecting a Portion of the Movie" for detailed instructions.Choose "Copy..." from the Edit menu. The word "Copy" is followed by "movie, "images," or "audio," depending on what you have selected.Place the cursor where you want to insert the copy; then choose "Paste..." from the Edit menu.LBL="" HELPID="mmaker.replace"ID="78960"Replacing a Portion of a Movie with Blank Frames or SilenceTo replace selected frames or audio with blank frames or silence:Select the portion of the movie you want to replace. See IDREF="78867" TYPE="TITLE""Selecting a Portion of the Movie" for detailed instructions.Choose "Clear..." from the Edit menu. The word "Clear" is followed by "movie, "images," or "audio," depending on what you have selected. The selected portion of the movie is cleared. Frames turn into black snapshots; the audio waveform turns into a straight line.LBL="" HELPID="mmaker.previewing"ID="95087"Previewing a MovieThe Preview button lets you view your movie. Clicking it opens the Movie Player display window. (See also IDREF="36495" TYPE="TITLE"Chapter 5, "Movie Player.")Click the Preview Movie button.The Movie Player window appears.Play the movie by doing one of the following:Place the cursor in the window; then click the left mouse button over the white triangle to start playing the movie.Click and hold down the right mouse button. A mini-control panel appears. Use the controls to rewind, stop, and play. Click and hold down the middle mouse button to adjust the volume. Move the mouse up and down in the scroll bar to control the volume.Click the left mouse button again to stop playing the movie.When you stop a movie, a white triangle appears in the Movie Player window. This indicates how much of the movie has played. Close the Movie Player display window to resume editing your movie.LBL="" HELPID="mmaker.playing"ID="56572"Setting Movie Playback OptionsYou can specify how fast a movie plays and whether it plays once, loops continuously, or swings back and forth. The following sections tell you how to set this and other playback options. See:IDREF="79907" TYPE="TITLE""Choosing Whether the Movie Plays Once or Continuously"IDREF="85985" TYPE="TITLE""Adding a Title and Comment to Describe Your Movie"IDREF="21528" TYPE="TITLE""Choosing the Frame Rate for a Movie"LBL="" HELPID=""ID="79907"Choosing Whether the Movie Plays Once or ContinuouslyBy default, movies you create are set to play once. To change this behavior:Choose "Playback Options..." from the Options menu.The Playback Options dialog box appears. See IDREF="34809" TYPE="GRAPHIC"Figure 4-4FILE="ch3-3.bw" POSITION="INLINE" SCALE="FALSE"LBL="4-4"Figure 4-4 ID="34809"Playback Options dialog box.Click one of the buttons next to the Loop Behavior label.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="85985"Adding a Title and Comment to Describe Your MovieYou can give your movie a title and type a few words to describe your movie. The title can be different from the file name you give the movie when saving it.Choose 
"Playback Options..." from the 
Options menu.The Playback Options form appears. See IDREF="34809" TYPE="GRAPHIC"Figure 4-4.Type in the fields next to "Title" and "Comment."LBL="" HELPID=""ID="21528"Choosing the Frame Rate for a MovieThe frame rate specifies how many frames (images) display per secondname='mdash' font=symbol charset=fontspecific code=190 
			descr='[mdash]' that is, it determines the speed at which the movie plays. For example, a frame rate of 15 means that 15 frames display per second.If your movie is silent, you can set the frame rate. If your movie has a soundtrack, avoid changing the frame rate as this will alter the sound.To change the frame rate:Choose "Playback Options" from the Options menu.The Playback Options form appears. See IDREF="34809" TYPE="GRAPHIC"Figure 4-4.Type a number in the field next to the "Frame Rate" label. The default frame rate is 15.NoteThe compression scheme you choose can affect the playback rate. The movie will still take the same amount of time to play, you just won't see all of the frames. For example, if the movie is 30 seconds long, it always plays for 30 seconds. However, if the compression scheme is demanding, you won't see all of the frames in those 30 seconds.LBL="" HELPID="mmaker.aboutdisplay"ID="52280"About the Movie Maker DisplayThe Movie Maker window contains four menus and help, the main editing area, a scroll bar, and controls to let you preview the movie. This section describes each of the main components: You'll find:IDREF="86764" TYPE="TITLE""The Editing Area"IDREF="43412" TYPE="TITLE""The Select, Start and End, and Preview Movie Buttons"IDREF="73564" TYPE="TITLE""The Movie Maker Menus"IDREF="20140" TYPE="TITLE""The Movie Composition Window"IDREF="48553" TYPE="TITLE""The Movie Export Options Window"IDREF="54173" TYPE="TITLE""The Playback Options Window"LBL="" HELPID=""ID="86764"The Editing AreaThe main editing area is divided into three smaller areas that let you work with different parts of the movie track.The top third of the editing area displays the image track. Click in this region to work with images. The blue editing line appears in the top third of the editing area.The middle part of the editing area displays the movie frame count. Click in this region to work with the entire moviename='mdash' font=symbol charset=fontspecific code=190 
			descr='[mdash]'images and audio. The blue editing line spans all three of the editing areas.The lower part of the editing area contains the soundtrack. Stereo soundtracks appear as red and blue waveforms. Mono soundtracks appears as two identical, black waveforms. Click in this region to work with the audio.Use the mouse to place the edit line at the beginning or end of the portion of the movie you want to work with. Click and drag the mouse to highlight more than one part of the track.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="43412"The Select, Start and End, and Preview Movie ButtonsAlong the bottom of the window you see controls that let you select and preview your movie. The Select button tells you what track you are selecting. Use it to pick images, audio, or the entire movie.The Start and End fields let you select frames by typing in a starting and ending frame number.The PreviewMovie button opens Movie Player so you can preview the movie you're creating.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="73564"The Movie Maker MenusMovie Maker has five menus: File, Edit, View, Options, and Help. For details on the available commands, see:IDREF="10319" TYPE="TITLE""The File Menu"IDREF="31767" TYPE="TITLE""The Edit Menu"IDREF="58688" TYPE="TITLE""The View Menu"IDREF="70253" TYPE="TITLE""The Options Menu"LBL="" HELPID=""ID="10319"The File Menu"New"Lets you open an empty file so you can create a new movie. Type in a name for the new movie in the dialog box that appears when you choose "New.""Movie Creation Options..."Opens a window in which you specify how to insert imagesname='mdash' font=symbol charset=fontspecific code=190 
			descr='[mdash]'what size they should be and whether or not you want to compress them."Open"Lets you open existing movie files. Save a backup of the file before you begin editing."Insert..."Lets you insert images, audio, and existing movie files. Use this command to create your movie."Export"Provides options for saving the selected material to a new file. All options are active when you select the movie; only certain options are active when you select just the images or audio. This command name changes depending on what you have selected. See IDREF="36132" TYPE="TITLE""Exporting a Movie.""Quit"Quits the program.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="31767"The Edit MenuMost all commands on the Edit menu change depending on where your cursor is placed in the editing areaname='mdash' font=symbol charset=fontspecific code=190 
			descr='[mdash]'in the image track, the audio track, or both."Select All"Selects all material."Cut"Deletes the selected material and puts it in a cut buffer."Copy"Copies the selected material so it can be pasted elsewhere."Paste"Pastes the copied or cut material at the location of the blue cursor."Clear"Replaces the selected material with blank frames or silence.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="58688"The View MenuThe view menu lets you choose how much of the movie you want to display in the editing area."Zoom In"Exposes more frames."Zoom Out"Condenses the frames so more fit in the editing area; starts hiding every other frame."Show Every Frame"Shows every frame in the movie.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="70253"The Options MenuThe Options menu contains two commands:"Playback Options..."Opens the Playback Options form. See also IDREF="56572" TYPE="TITLE""Setting Movie Playback Options.""Optimize Movie"Makes sure all the frames are in the right order so the movie plays back as quickly as possible. See also IDREF="35604" TYPE="TITLE""Optimizing Movie Files."LBL="" HELPID="mmaker.resizing"ID="20140"The Movie Composition WindowThe Movie Composition window lets you control the way images are inserted into a new movie file.All images in a movie must be of the same size. When you insert images, you can choose whether you want them all to match the size of the first image or match a specified size.When you're creating a new movie, you can choose whether you want the movie to be compressed. By default, movies are uncompressed. See IDREF="97968" TYPE="TITLE""Compressing Images When Creating a Movie" for step-by-step instructions.LBL="" HELPID="mmaker.exportwindow"ID="48553"The Movie Export Options WindowThe Movie Export Options window lets you choose the file format and compression scheme for movies you export. To open this window, choose "Movie Export Options..." from the Exports rollover on the File menu.You have two choices for file format: SGI movie file format and Apple QuickTime. By default, movies are saved as SGI movie files.Your choices for compression vary depending on the file format you select. See IDREF="54278" TYPE="TITLE""Compressing Movie Files" for details.LBL="" HELPID="mmaker.playback"ID="54173"The Playback Options Window The Playback Options window lets you specify how fast a movie plays and whether it plays once, loops continuously, or swings back and forth.Frame RateLets you specify how quickly you want the movie to play. See IDREF="21528" TYPE="TITLE""Choosing the Frame Rate for a Movie" for details.Loop BehaviorLets you specify how you want the movie to playname='mdash' font=symbol charset=fontspecific code=190 
			descr='[mdash]'once, continuously, or alternating between playing regularly and in reverse.TitleLets you give you movie a descriptive title. This does not need to match the file name.CommentLets you add an optional comment about the movie.LBL="5"ID="36495"Movie PlayerThis chapter contains these sections:IDREF="90860" TYPE="TITLE""Movie Player: An Overview"IDREF="99324" TYPE="TITLE""Watching Movies"IDREF="69321" TYPE="TITLE""Adjusting the Volume"IDREF="14035" TYPE="TITLE""Copying Selected Frames and Audio"IDREF="21037" TYPE="TITLE""About Movie Player's Menus"IDREF="56514" TYPE="TITLE""Running Movie Player with Command Line Options"LBL="" HELPID="mplayer.about"ID="90860"Movie Player: An OverviewMovie Player provides VCR-like controls for watching movies on your Silicon Graphics workstation. Standard controls let you play, stop, reverse, and fast forward through a movie. To open a movie choose "Open" from the File menu. See IDREF="99324" TYPE="TITLE""Watching Movies," for more information on how to use Movie Player.The Frame field displays the number of the frame being played . The Min:Sec:Frm field displays playing time in minutes, seconds, and 30ths of a second. The Movie Player control pad is shown in IDREF="84854" TYPE="GRAPHIC"Figure 5-1.FILE="ch4-1.bw" POSITION="INLINE" SCALE="FALSE"LBL="5-1"Figure 5-1 ID="84854"The Movie Player control pad.LBL="" HELPID=""Running Movie PlayerYou can open Movie Player in one of several ways:Double-click the Movie Player icon on the Media Tools page of the Icon Catalog.Open a shell window, then type the word movieplayer.Click the words APP="/usr/sbin/movieplayer" PARMS=""MovieAPP="/usr/sbin/movieplayer" PARMS=""Player 
to open Movie Player now.LBL="" HELPID="mplayer.watching"ID="99324"Watching MoviesMovies are files that you create and view on your IRIS workstation. To view a movie:Choose "Open" from the File menu. A file browser appears. If you don't already have a movie file you want to open, go to the directory /usr/share/data/movies and choose one from there.The movie viewing window appears as shown in IDREF="61793" TYPE="GRAPHIC"Figure 5-2.FILE="ch4-2.bw" POSITION="INLINE" SCALE="FALSE"LBL="5-2"Figure 5-2 ID="61793"The movie viewing window.Use the Movie Player buttons to control the moviename='mdash' font=symbol charset=fontspecific code=190 
			descr='[mdash]'play, stop, reverse, fast forward, and fast reverse it.A white triangle appears when the movie is stopped. It gives you a general idea how much of the movie has played. You can also drag the white triangle to move to another place in the movie.ShortcutYou can also use the mouse to control how a movie plays. Press and hold down the right mouse button over the movie viewing area. A mini-control panel appears. Use the controls to rewind, stop, and play. LBL="" HELPID="mplayer.adjustvol"ID="69321"Adjusting the VolumeWhile you're viewing a movie, you can adjust the volume by doing either of the following:Press and hold down the middle mouse button over the viewing area A scroll bar appears. Move the cursor up and down in the scroll bar to control the volume.Choose "Audio Control" from the Options menu. The Audio Control Panel appears. Use the Speaker sliders to adjust the volume.LBL="" HELPID="mplayer.copy"ID="14035"Copying Selected Frames and AudioYou can select one frame in the movie or a portion of the soundtrack and paste that into another application, such as IRIS Showcase. To do so:Place the cursor over the movie viewing window, then press and hold the <Shift> key.Press the left mouse button, then drag the cursor to the left or right.A thin yellow bar appears. It marks the portion of the movie you're selecting. If you do not see the thin yellow bar, try again. Make sure you're pressing the <Shift> key when you press the left mouse button.Release the mouse button to mark the end of the selection.Choose "Copy" from the Options menu.You copy the frame that is showing and the portion of the soundtrack that is selected.Open another application, such as IRIS Showcase, then choose the "Paste" command.In this case, you see a dialog that asks you which item you want to paste: the image or the audio track.ShortcutInstead of using the "Copy" and "Paste" commands, select the portion of the movie you want to copy, open another application, then click the middle mouse button.LBL="" HELPID="mplayer.about.commands"ID="21037"About Movie Player's MenusMovie Player has three menus: a File menu, Options menu, and Help menu. The File menu contains the commands for opening files and quitting the program. The Options menu contains commands for copying the selected frame or soundtrack and controlling the volume, speed, and method in which the movie plays. It includes the following commands:"Copy"Copies the selected portion of the movie. See IDREF="14035" TYPE="TITLE""Copying Selected Frames and Audio" for step-by-step instructions."Restore Primary"Active only if you have selected a frame or region of the soundtrack to copy and you have selected something in another window. Choosing "Restore Primary" makes the Movie Player selection active, allowing you to paste it into other applications using the middle mouse button. See also IDREF="14035" TYPE="TITLE""Copying Selected Frames and Audio.""Mute"Silences the audio."Audio Control..."Opens the Audio Control Panel, which lets you control the volume."Play Every Frame"Requests that Movie Player play the movie as fast as it can without dropping any frames. The soundtrack is muted when you choose this option."Play Once," "Loop," "Swing"Determine how the movie plays: once, in a continuous loop, or forward then backwards."Half Speed," "Normal Speed," "Twice Speed"Determine the speed at which the movie plays."Zoom Down"Decreases the size of the window in which the movie plays."Zoom Up"Increases the size of the window in which the movie plays.LBL="" HELPID="mplayer.running"ID="56514"Running Movie Player with Command Line OptionsThe IRIX command movieplayer provides several command line options. movieplayer filenameRuns Movie Player and opens the file you specify.movieplayer -N Runs Movie Player and removes the border from the window that displays the movie. Any movie you open after setting this option is opened without borders.movieplayer -v filenameRuns Movie Player in view-only mode. Use the right mouse button to pop up a menu with commands for playing and stopping the movie.movieplayer -S Runs Movie Player and places the window in a specific location on the screen. For example, movieplayer -S 200,100 places the movie 200 pixels to the right and 100 pixels above the lower left corner of the screen. Any movie you open after setting this option is placed in the same position.movieplayer -W filenamePlays the movie in swing mode, counting each complete swing as two times. For example, movieplayer -W 4 plays the movie in swing mode twice. See the movieplayer reference (man) page for a more complete listing of command line options.LBL="6"ID="55147"Sound EditorThis chapter contains these sections:IDREF="23204" TYPE="TITLE""Sound Editor: An Overview"IDREF="22209" TYPE="TITLE""Running Sound Editor"IDREF="26046" TYPE="TITLE""Manipulating Sound Files"IDREF="14609" TYPE="TITLE""Playing Sound Files"IDREF="67757" TYPE="TITLE""Recording Sound into a File Using Sound Editor"IDREF="90765" TYPE="TITLE""Editing a Sound File"IDREF="18743" TYPE="TITLE""Troubleshooting Sound Editor Problems"IDREF="91927" TYPE="TITLE""About the Sound Editor Display"IDREF="81001" TYPE="TITLE""Using Sound Editor's Menus"LBL="" HELPID="seditor.overview"ID="23204"Sound Editor: An OverviewSound Editor allows you to create and edit audio files. For example, you can: Record a new sound file.Edit a sound file and cut, copy, and paste selected regions.Add special effects to an existing sound file.Record voice-overs for a music track.Sound Editor is installed automatically as part of the standard software on systems that support audio.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="22209"Running Sound EditorYou can open Sound Editor in one of several ways:Double-click the Sound Editor icon on the Media Tools page of the Icon Catalog. See IDREF="17269" TYPE="GRAPHIC"Figure 6-1.FILE="sounded.icon.bw" POSITION="INLINE" SCALE="FALSE"LBL="6-1"Figure 6-1 ID="17269"The Sound Editor iconOpen a shell window, then type the word soundeditor.Click the words APP="/usr/sbin/soundeditor" PARMS=""Sound Editor
 to open Sound Editor now.LBL="" HELPID="seditor.manipfile"ID="26046"Manipulating Sound FilesSound Editor provides the standard commands for opening and saving files. This section provides step-by-step instructions for using them. It contains:IDREF="31272" TYPE="TITLE""Opening Existing Sound Files"IDREF="17974" TYPE="TITLE""Saving Sound Editor Files"LBL="" HELPID=""ID="31272"Opening Existing Sound FilesTo open an existing audio file, use the "Open" command on the File menu.Choose "Open" from the File menu.A file browser appears. If you have installed the PROSONUSÔ sound library, you can find some sample sounds in the directory /usr/lib/sounds/prosonus.Select the name of the file you want to open, then click the Open button.The audio waveform for that file appears in the Sound Editor display. See IDREF="93448" TYPE="GRAPHIC"Figure 6-2.FILE="rain.bw" POSITION="INLINE" SCALE="FALSE"LBL="6-2"Figure 6-2 ID="93448"Sound Editor displaying the file rainLBL="" HELPID=""ID="17974"Saving Sound Editor FilesSaving a file is simple. Choose "Save" or "Save As..." from the File menu. If you want to save only a selected region, choose "Save Selection." NoteSound Editor saves all files as uncompressed AIFF files. If you've inserted files of different formats, you will convert the entire track to AIFF when you save the file. Also, if you've inserted files with different sample widths, you will convert them all to the widest sample width when you save the file.LBL="" HELPID="seditor.playback"ID="14609"Playing Sound FilesOnce you have opened a sound file or recorded a new one, you can play all of the file or just a portion of it.To play the entire file:place the cursor at the beginning of the waveform, then press the Play button, orclick the Select All button, the press the Play buttonTo play a portion of the file, place the cursor at the location at which you want to begin playing, then press the left mouse button and drag. Release the mouse button when the region you want to play is highlighted gray. Press the Play button.ShortcutInstead of clicking the Play button, you can press the right mouse button to begin playing.LBL="" HELPID=""Adjusting the Playback LevelUse the commands on the Level menu to adjust the sound level. "Normalize" increases the level to its full dynamic range; "Softer" decreases the level; "Louder" increases the level; and "Set Level..." opens a dialog box in which you specify a scaling value. See IDREF="50710" TYPE="TITLE""The "Set Level..." Command" for details.LBL="" HELPID="seditor.record"ID="67757"Recording Sound into a File Using Sound EditorThis section describes three ways of recording:IDREF="46580" TYPE="TITLE""Recording a New Sound File"IDREF="50487" TYPE="TITLE""Recording into an Existing Sound File"IDREF="36536" TYPE="TITLE""Using the "Overdub Record" Command to Record Voice Overs"LBL="" HELPID=""ID="46580"Recording a New Sound FileYou can use Sound Editor to record a new audio file. If Sound Editor isn't already running, click the words APP="/usr/sbin/soundeditor" PARMS=""Sound Editor
 to open it now.Choose "New" from the File menu.The dialog box shown in IDREF="17151" TYPE="GRAPHIC"Figure 6-3 appears. You use this dialog box to specify the sample rate, sample width, and number of channels in the file.FILE="newdialog.bw" POSITION="INLINE" SCALE="FALSE"LBL="6-3"Figure 6-3 ID="17151"The dialog box that appears when you create a new fileIn the dialog box, enter the sample rate, number of channels, and sample width you want to use for this recording. The lists below show the legal values for each setting.Sample Rate8000110251600022050320004410048000Channels124Sample Width8 1624Use the Audio Control Panel to select where you want to record fromname='mdash' font=symbol charset=fontspecific code=190 
			descr='[mdash]'the microphone or a compact disc player, for example.To open the Audio Control Panel, choose "Audio Control Panel" from the Options menu or click the words APP="/usr/sbin/apanel" PARMS=""Audio Control Panel
 now.Choose "Microphone" from the Input menu if you want to record from the microphone.Choose "Line" from the Input menu if you want to record from a device, such as a tape deck, connected to the Line In port on your system.Choose "Digital" if you want to use the application CD Manager to record from your compact disc playe. Also choose "Digital" if you want to record audio from a device connected to the Digital In port on your system.Use the Audio Control Panel to adjust the input level.The pair of sliders on the left side of the window controls the input level. For the best results, set the level to six or seven.Press the Record button in the Sound Editor window.Begin playing the sound you want to record. For example:If you are recording your voice, begin speaking into the microphone.If you are recording from a compact disc or DAT player, press the Play button on in CD Manager or DAT Manager.If you are recording from a device, such as a tape deck, connected to the Line In port, press the Play button on the device.Press the Stop button to signal that you are finished recording.Choose "Save As..." from the File menu to name the file you've just created.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="50487"Recording into an Existing Sound FileYou can use Sound Editor to add audio to an existing file. If Sound Editor isn't already running, click the words APP="/usr/sbin/soundeditor" PARMS=""Sound Editor
 to open it now.Place the edit line in the location at which you want to insert the recording.For example, to add a new recording at the beginning of the file, place the edit line at the beginning of the waveform. See IDREF="95792" TYPE="TITLE""Placing the Edit Line" for details.Use the Audio Control Panel to select where you want to record fromname='mdash' font=symbol charset=fontspecific code=190 
			descr='[mdash]'the microphone or a compact disc player, for example.To open the Audio Control Panel, choose "Audio Control Panel" from the Options menu or click the words APP="/usr/sbin/apanel" PARMS=""Audio Control Panel
 now.Choose "Microphone" from the Input menu if you want to record from the microphone.Choose "Line" from the Input menu if you want to record from a device, such as a tape deck or VCR, connected to the Line In port on your system.Choose "Digital" if you want to use the application CD Manager to record from your compact disc playe. Also choose "Digital" if you want to record audio from a device connected to the Digital In port on your system.Use the Audio Control Panel to adjust the input level.The pair of sliders on the left side of the window controls the input volume. For the best results, set the input level to six or seven.Press the Record button in the Sound Editor window.Begin playing the sound you want to record. For example:If you are recording your voice, begin speaking into the microphone.If you are recording from a compact disc or DAT player, press the Play button in CD Manager or DAT Manager.If you are recording from a device, such as a tape deck, connected to the Line In port, press the Play button on the device.Press the Stop button to signal that you are finished recording.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="36536"Using the "Overdub Record" Command to Record Voice OversSuppose you have a music track and you'd like to overlay it with a recording of someone talking. You can use the "Overdub Record" command to do so.Open the audio file over which you want to record your voice.Choose "Overdub Record" from the Options menu.The Record button changes its name; now it's labeled Overdub.Place the edit line in the waveform where you want the voice overlay to begin.See IDREF="95792" TYPE="TITLE""Placing the Edit Line" for details on using the edit line.Select an input source and adjust the input level according to the instructions in IDREF="46580" TYPE="TITLE""Recording a New Sound File."Click Overdub to begin recording.Click Stop to signal you are finished recording.LBL="" HELPID="seditor.edit"ID="90765"Editing a Sound FileOnce you have opened or recorded a sound file, you can modify it in several ways. This section provides instructions for:IDREF="95792" TYPE="TITLE""Placing the Edit Line."IDREF="87998" TYPE="TITLE""Selecting a Region of Sound."IDREF="62351" TYPE="TITLE""Deleting a Section of Audio."IDREF="50819" TYPE="TITLE""Replacing a Section of Audio."IDREF="62092" TYPE="TITLE""Copying and Pasting Audio."IDREF="90104" TYPE="TITLE""Mixing Sounds Together."IDREF="16287" TYPE="TITLE""Using Special Effects."LBL="" HELPID=""ID="95792"Placing the Edit LineTo edit a sound file, you first need to learn how to recognize and place the edit line in the waveform display. IDREF="47806" TYPE="GRAPHIC"Figure 6-4 shows the edit line in two locationsname='mdash' font=symbol charset=fontspecific code=190 
			descr='[mdash]'the beginning of the track and midway through the track. The edit line appears as a faint gray line.FILE="editline.bw" POSITION="INLINE" SCALE="FALSE"LBL="6-4"Figure 6-4 ID="47806"The edit line positioned in the waveform displayTo position the edit line, place the cursor over the waveform, then click the left mouse button. The edit line appears at the cursor location. To reposition the edit line, place the cursor in a different location, then click the left mouse button again.NoteTo move the edit line in small increments, use the arrow keys shown in IDREF="34591" TYPE="GRAPHIC"Figure 6-5.FILE="adjustline.bw" POSITION="INLINE" SCALE="FALSE"LBL="6-5"Figure 6-5 ID="34591"Arrows that let you adjust the location of the edit lineLBL="" HELPID=""ID="87998"Selecting a Region of SoundYou need to select a region of sound if you want to play that portion of the sound track, cut, copy, or paste that portion, or perform some special effects on it. This section provides instructions for:IDREF="98912" TYPE="TITLE""Selecting the Entire Track"IDREF="28442" TYPE="TITLE""Selecting a Portion of the Track"LBL="" HELPID=""ID="98912"Selecting the Entire TrackTo select the entire track, click the Select All button or choose "Select All" from the Edit menu. The entire waveform is highlighted gray.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="28442"Selecting a Portion of the TrackTo select a portion of the track, place the cursor over the waveform, then press the left mouse button and drag the cursor. Detailed instructions follow:Move the cursor into the waveform, then click and hold down the left mouse button.The edit line appears at the cursor location.Continue pressing the left mouse button and drag the cursor to highlight a portion of the waveform.The selected region is highlighted gray.Release the mouse button when the area you want is highlighted.TipYou can use the <<, <, >, and >> buttons to make fine adjustments to the selection. See IDREF="65085" TYPE="TITLE""The Selection Controls" for details. LBL="" HELPID=""ID="62351"Deleting a Section of AudioTo remove a section of audio from the sound track, you can use the "Cut" or "Delete" commands. Use the "Cut" command if you want to cut the selection and place it elsewhere in the track; use the "Delete" command to remove the section permanently.Select the region of audio you want to remove. The selected region is highlighted gray. See IDREF="28442" TYPE="TITLE""Selecting a Portion of the Track" for detailed instructions.Choose "Cut" or "Delete" from the Edit menu.Choose "Cut" if you want to cut the region and use the "Paste" command to place the selection elsewhere in the file.Choose "Delete" or press the <BackSpace> key if you want to remove that region. Note"Cut" and "Delete" let you remove the selected region. The "Trim" command does just the opposite. Choose "Trim" to delete everything except the selected region.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="50819"Replacing a Section of AudioIn a text editor, if you select a word and begin typing, you replace the selected word with the word you type. The same is true with audio. Select a region of sound and you can easily replace it.Select the region of audio you want to replace. The selected region is highlighted gray. See IDREF="28442" TYPE="TITLE""Selecting a Portion of the Track" for detailed instructions.Replace the selected by audio by doing one of the following:Replace the audio with silence by choosing "Clear" from the Edit menu.Replace the selected region with another audio file by choosing "Insert..." from the File menu.Replace the audio with a new recording by following the instructions in IDREF="50487" TYPE="TITLE""Recording into an Existing Sound File."LBL="" HELPID=""ID="62092"Copying and Pasting AudioTo copy a region of sound, select the region, then use the "Copy" and "Paste" commands on the Edit menu. Select the region of audio you want to copy. The selected region is highlighted gray.  See IDREF="28442" TYPE="TITLE""Selecting a Portion of the Track" for detailed instructions.See IDREF="28442" TYPE="TITLE""Selecting a Portion of the Track" for detailed instructions.Choose "Copy" from the Edit menu.Position the edit line where you want the sound to be pasted. If you want to substitute this for some existing sound, use the edit line to select a region to replace. See IDREF="95792" TYPE="TITLE""Placing the Edit Line" for more information on the edit line.Choose "Paste" from the Edit menu.The copy is inserted immediately after the edit line or over the selected region of audio.ShortcutInstead of using the "Copy" and "Paste" commands, you can select a region of sound, then click the middle mouse button to paste a copy elsewhere in the track. The audio appears at the cursor location, not the edit line location.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="90104"Mixing Sounds TogetherThe "Mix" commands lets you combine two portions of sound. To use it:Select the section of sound you want to mix with another section, then choose "Cut" or "Copy" from the Edit menu.The selection is copied onto a temporary clipboard.Select another section of audio elsewhere in the file.The selected region is highlighted gray.Choose "Mix" from the Edit menu.The audio you cut or copied is mixed with the selected portion. To undo this action, choose "Undo mix" from the Edit menu.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="16287"Using Special EffectsThe Effects menu contains commands for applying simple special effects. You can fade audio in and out, play it in reverse, add echoes, or adjust the playback speed. See IDREF="52801" TYPE="TITLE""The Effects Menu" for details on each of the commands.LBL="" HELPID="seditor.trouble"Troubleshooting Sound Editor ProblemsID="18743"This section provides a list of problems you might encounter and offers possible solutions.You hear no sound when playing all or part of a file.Make sure the edit line in the waveform is not at the end of the file. This line marks the beginning of play. Also, open the Audio Control Panel and verify that the left and right Headphone/Speaker Output levels, which control the volume, are up. To open the Audio Control Panel, choose "Audio Control Panel" from the Options menu or click the words APP="/usr/sbin/apanel" PARMS=""Audio Control Panel
 now.The recording is too soft, even with the volume turned all the way up.Try choosing "Louder" from the Levels menu or choose "Normalize" to automatically raise the level of recording to fill the full dynamic range.The recording is too loud, even with the volume turned all the way down.Try choosing "Soften" from the Levels menu until the volume reaches a desired level.Material that was deleted cannot be pasted.Remember that "Delete" cuts the selection but does not save it to the Clipboard. Always use "Cut" when you want to cut and paste.The audio sounds like it's playing through a loudspeaker.Open the Audio Control Panel. If the Monitor button is on, you will hear the input signal along with the recording. Click this button off if you do not want to hear it. The red checkmark disappears when it's disabled.To open the Audio Control Panel, choose "Audio Control Panel" from the Options menu or click the words APP="/usr/sbin/apanel" PARMS=""Audio Control Panel
 now.Sound isn't recording through the microphone.Start by making sure the microphone cable is connected correctly. After that, open the Audio Control Panel to make sure "Microphone" is selected as the input source. Also make sure the left and right Input Levels, which adjust the volume, are up. To open the Audio Control Panel, choose "Audio Control Panel" from the Options menu or click the words APP="/usr/sbin/apanel" PARMS=""Audio Control Panel
 now.LBL="" HELPID="seditor.display"ID="91927"About the Sound Editor DisplayThis section describes the controls you see in the Sound Editor display. It contains information about:IDREF="61035" TYPE="TITLE""The Record and Playback Controls"IDREF="26476" TYPE="TITLE""The Zoom Controls"IDREF="65085" TYPE="TITLE""The Selection Controls"IDREF="49241" TYPE="TITLE""The Waveform Display Area"LBL="" HELPID=""ID="61035"The Record and Playback ControlsThe top portion of the Sound Editor window contains the buttons you use to record and play sound files.RecordClick Record when you are ready to begin recording. The new audio appears at the location of the edit line.StopClick Stop when you are finished recording or want to stop playing the sound file.PlayClick Play to play the sound file or a selected region of the file.RepeatClick Repeat if you want to play the sound file repeatedly.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="26476"The Zoom ControlsThe In, Out, and Selection buttons let you alter the waveform display. Click In to display the waveform in smaller time increments; click Out to display the waveform in larger time increments; click Selection to fill the display with the selected region.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="65085"The Selection ControlsThe selection controls shown in IDREF="32224" TYPE="TABLE"Table 6-1 let you fine-tune your selection or the placement of the edit line.COLUMNS="2"LBL="6-1"Table 6-1 ID="32224"Purpose of the selection controlsLEFT="0" WIDTH="166"ButtonLEFT="175" WIDTH="166"PurposeLEFT="0" WIDTH="166"FILE="selectall.bw" POSITION="TBLCELL" SCALE="FALSE"LEFT="175" WIDTH="166"Selects the entire sound track.LEFT="0" WIDTH="166"FILE="selectbeg.bw" POSITION="TBLCELL" SCALE="FALSE"LEFT="175" WIDTH="166"Extends the selection to the beginning of 
the sound track.LEFT="0" WIDTH="166"FILE="fineadjust.bw" POSITION="TBLCELL" SCALE="FALSE"LEFT="175" WIDTH="166"Give you finer control for adjusting the 
start or end points of the selected region.LEFT="0" WIDTH="166"FILE="selectend.bw" POSITION="TBLCELL" SCALE="FALSE"LEFT="175" WIDTH="166"Extends the selection to the end of the 
sound track.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="49241"The Waveform Display AreaThe waveform display and timeline represent the open audio file. Above the timeline, you see four fields:TimeIndicates where you are in the file as it is playing.SelectionIndicates the span of a selected region. This will be a single number (the location of the edit line) if you have not selected a region.RateIndicates the sample rate at which the file was recorded. Higher sample rates yield better audio fidelity but also take up more disk space.PositionIndicates the location of the cursor in the timeline.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="81001"Using Sound Editor's MenusThis section provides information on each of the menus and commands used in Sound Editor. It contains:IDREF="68933" TYPE="TITLE""The File Menu"IDREF="63331" TYPE="TITLE""The Edit Menu"IDREF="20346" TYPE="TITLE""The Level Menu"IDREF="52801" TYPE="TITLE""The Effects Menu"IDREF="95064" TYPE="TITLE""The View Menu"IDREF="10130" TYPE="TITLE""The Options Menu"Also see IDREF="81001" TYPE="TITLE""Using Sound Editor's Menus."LBL="" HELPID=""ID="68933"The File MenuThe commands on the file menu let you create new files, open and save existing files, and insert one file into another. The commands are:IDREF="67894" TYPE="TITLE""The "New..." Command"IDREF="68318" TYPE="TITLE""The "Open..." Command"IDREF="84932" TYPE="TITLE""The "Insert..." Command"IDREF="22982" TYPE="TITLE""The "Save" Command"IDREF="63556" TYPE="TITLE""The "Save As..." Command"IDREF="86938" TYPE="TITLE""The "Save Selection..." Command"IDREF="85406" TYPE="TITLE""The "About..." Command"IDREF="49030" TYPE="TITLE""The "Exit" Command"LBL="" HELPID=""ID="67894"The "New..." CommandChoose "New..." when you want to create a new audio file. A dialog box appears asking you to specify the sample rate, number of channels, and sample width for the new file. See IDREF="46580" TYPE="TITLE""Recording a New Sound File" for detailed instructions.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="68318"The "Open..." CommandChoose "Open..." when you want to open an existing audio file.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="84932"The "Insert..." CommandChoose "Insert..." if you want to insert one audio file into another. For example, suppose you have a bit of music that you want to place at the beginning of a sound track. Place the edit line at the beginning of the waveform, then choose "Insert..." You can also use this command to replace the selected region of audio.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="22982"The "Save" CommandChoose "Save" to save the changes that you've made to a file. Sound Editor saves all files as uncompressed AIFF files. If you've inserted files of different formats, you will convert the entire track to AIFF when you save the file. Also, if you've inserted files with different sample widths, you will convert them all to the widest sample width when you save the file.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="63556"The "Save As..." CommandChoose "Save As..." to name a new file or rename an existing file.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="86938"The "Save Selection..." CommandChoose "Save Selection..." when you want to save the selected region to a file. You'll find this useful if you need to create many "sound bites" from one audio file.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="85406"The "About..." CommandChoose the "About..." command to display a window that contains information about the version of the product you are using.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="49030"The "Exit" CommandChoose "Exit" when you are finished using Sound Editor and want to close the application. If you have made changes to the file, you will be asked whether you want to save or discard the changes before exiting.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="63331"The Edit MenuThe commands on the Edit menu let you cut, copy, and paste selected sections of audio. The commands are:IDREF="18972" TYPE="TITLE""The "Undo/Redo" Command"IDREF="38651" TYPE="TITLE""The "Cut" Command"IDREF="30259" TYPE="TITLE""The "Copy" Command"IDREF="57503" TYPE="TITLE""The "Paste" Command"IDREF="41763" TYPE="TITLE""The "Mix" Command"IDREF="51721" TYPE="TITLE""The "Clear" Command"IDREF="52946" TYPE="TITLE""The "Delete" Command"IDREF="71594" TYPE="TITLE""The "Trim" Command"IDREF="76168" TYPE="TITLE""The "Select All" Command"LBL="" HELPID=""ID="18972"The "Undo/Redo" CommandChoose "Undo" to reverse your last action. For example, if you've used the "Cut" command to remove a section of audio, you can choose "Undo cut" to restore the section.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="38651"The "Cut" CommandChoose "Cut" when you want to delete a section of audio or move it to a different location in the soundtrack. The selected section disappears from the waveform and is placed in a temporary clipboard. Use the "Paste" command to place the selection elsewhere in the file. See IDREF="62351" TYPE="TITLE""Deleting a Section of Audio" for step-by-step instructions.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="30259"The "Copy" CommandChoose "Copy" when you want to duplicate a section of audio. The copy is placed on a temporary clipboard. Choose "Paste" when you're ready to paste the copy elsewhere in the file. See IDREF="62092" TYPE="TITLE""Copying and Pasting Audio" for details.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="57503"The "Paste" CommandChoose the "Paste" command after you've used the "Cut" or "Copy" command. It retrieves the selection from the temporary clipboard and inserts it at the edit line.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="41763"The "Mix" CommandChoose "Mix" after you've used the "Cut" or "Copy" command. It lets you mix the sound you've cut or copied with the section of sound you have selected.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="51721"The "Clear" CommandChoose "Clear" to replace a selected section of audio with silence. That area of the waveform appears blank.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="52946"The "Delete" CommandChoose "Delete" to remove a selected section from the soundtrack. This is equivalent to pressing the <Back Space> key on the keyboard.NoteYou cannot use the "Paste" command to paste audio sections that have been removed using the "Delete" command. If you want to remove a section and place it elsewhere in the file, use the "Cut" command.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="71594"The "Trim" CommandChoose "Trim" to delete everything except the selected section.LBL="" HELPID=""The "Empty Clipboard" CommandWhenever you select a region of audio or use the "Cut" and "Copy" commands, you store a temporary copy of that information on an invisible clipboard. When you use the "Paste" command or press the middle mouse button, you paste a copy of whatever information is stored on the clipboard. This does not delete information from the clipboard.Clipboard data take up disk space and system memory. If you are low on disk space and have copied a large region of audio, consider choosing "Empty Clipboard" from the Edit menu.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="76168"The "Select All" CommandThe "Select All" command is equivalent to the Select All button. Choose it to quickly select the entire soundtrack.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="20346"The Level MenuThe commands on the Level menu let you adjust the loudness of the sound sample. They are:IDREF="15052" TYPE="TITLE""The "Normalize" Command"IDREF="32150" TYPE="TITLE""The "Softer" Command"IDREF="24069" TYPE="TITLE""The "Louder" Command"IDREF="50710" TYPE="TITLE""The "Set Level..." Command"LBL="" HELPID=""ID="15052"The "Normalize" CommandChoose "Normalize" to increase the sound level of the selected section to its full dynamic range. To increase the level for the entire file, click Select All before choosing "Normalize." LBL="" HELPID=""ID="32150"The "Softer" CommandChoose "Softer" to decrease the volume of a selected section. To lower the volume of the entire file, click Select All before choosing "Softer."LBL="" HELPID=""ID="24069"The "Louder" CommandChoose "Louder" to increase the volume of a selected section. To raise the volume of the entire file, click Select All before choosing "Louder."LBL="" HELPID=""ID="50710"The "Set Level..." CommandChoose the "Set Level..." command to manually adjust the volume of the selected section. A dialog box appears into which you type the new scaling value. For example, if you want to value to be 50 percent lower, type .50 in the dialog box. The height of the waveform is reduced by half.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="52801"The Effects MenuThe commands on the Effects menu let you alter selected sound in a variety of ways. The choices are:IDREF="80240" TYPE="TITLE""The "Fade In" Command"IDREF="61260" TYPE="TITLE""The "Fade Out" Command"IDREF="97349" TYPE="TITLE""The "Echo" Command"IDREF="93015" TYPE="TITLE""The "Reverse" Command"IDREF="86112" TYPE="TITLE""The "Set Pitch..." Command"LBL="" HELPID=""ID="80240"The "Fade In" CommandChoose "Fade In" to cause sound at the beginning of the selected section to start out from silence and gradually increase to its normal volume
.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="61260"The "Fade Out" CommandChoose "Fade Out" to cause sound at the end of a selected section to gradually decrease in volume to silence.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="97349"The "Echo" CommandChoose "Echo" to create a repeating echo effect in the selected section.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="93015"The "Reverse" CommandChoose "Reverse" to reverse a selected section of sound.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="86112"The "Set Pitch..." CommandChoose "Set Pitch..." to manually adjust the frequency or speed of a selected section of sound. For example, to double the playback speed so the sound is cartoon-like, type 2.0 in the dialog box that appears. The length of the waveform is reduced by half.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="95064"The View MenuThe commands on the View menu let you change your view of the waveformname='mdash' font=symbol charset=fontspecific code=190 
			descr='[mdash]'zoom in, zoom out, or zoom in on a particular section.The commands are:IDREF="93898" TYPE="TITLE""The "Zoom In" Command"IDREF="14671" TYPE="TITLE""The "Zoom Out" Command"IDREF="80017" TYPE="TITLE""The "Zoom Selection" Command"LBL="" HELPID=""ID="93898"The "Zoom In" CommandChoose "Zoom In" to display the waveform in smaller time increments. This makes it easier to edit audio when you need finer resolution. "Zoom In" is equivalent to the In button.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="14671"The "Zoom Out" CommandChoose "Zoom Out" to display the waveform in larger time increments. Zooming out is useful when you want to edit large regions of audio. "Zoom Out" is equivalent to the Out button.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="80017"The "Zoom Selection" CommandChoose "Zoom Selection" to fill the display area with the selected region. "Zoom Selection" is equivalent to the Selection button.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="10130"The Options MenuThe Options menu contains two commands:IDREF="19723" TYPE="TITLE""The "Audio Control Panel" Command"IDREF="66609" TYPE="TITLE""The "Overdub Record" Command"LBL="" HELPID=""ID="19723"The "Audio Control Panel" CommandChoose "Audio Control Panel" when you need to adjust the volume or specify an input source. For instructions on using the Audio Control Panel, consult its Help menu.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="66609"The "Overdub Record" CommandThe "Overdub Record" command lets you record audio and mix it with audio you've previously recorded. See IDREF="36536" TYPE="TITLE""Using the "Overdub Record" Command to Record Voice Overs" for details.LBL="7"ID="45637"Sound FilerThese sections describe the Sound Filer tool:IDREF="50103" TYPE="TITLE""About Sound Filer"IDREF="88509" TYPE="TITLE""The Sound Filer Display"IDREF="26375" TYPE="TITLE""Finding an Audio File"IDREF="76448" TYPE="TITLE""Playing an Audio File"IDREF="61561" TYPE="TITLE""Viewing Sample Audio Files"IDREF="97126" TYPE="TITLE""Installing Sample Audio Files"IDREF="74494" TYPE="TITLE""Converting an Audio File"Access the Sound Filer tool by typing soundfiler in a shell window, or by double-clicking the soundfiler icon on the MediaTools page of the Icon Catalog. See IDREF="29162" BOOK="IRISEssentials" FILE="front.doc" HDG="""IRIS Essentials" for information on how to open a shell window or locate an icon. LBL="" HELPID=""ID="50103"About Sound FilerThe Sound Filer software utility lets you play audio files on your system and convert audio files to different formats and sizes. To play audio files you must have an IRIS that supports audio.Sound Filer is installed automatically as part of the standard system software on IRIS systems that support audio. To add it to a non-audio IRIS system you must install the audio.sw image. See the IRIS Software Installation Guide for instructions on installing software images.LBL="" HELPID=""Running Sound FilerYou can open Sound Filer in one of several ways:Double-click the soundfiler icon on the Media Tools page of the Icon Catalog.Open a shell window, then type the word soundfiler.Click the words APP="/usr/sbin/soundfiler" PARMS=""Sound Filer
to open Sound Filer now.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="88509"The Sound Filer DisplayUse Sound Filer to find audio files, view information about file formats and sizes, play files, and convert files to different formats and sizes. Sound Filer is shown in IDREF="93493" TYPE="GRAPHIC"Figure 7-1.FILE="ch6-1.bw" POSITION="INLINE" SCALE="FALSE"LBL="7-1"Figure 7-1 ID="93493"Sound Filer.The fields in the lower half of the main window display information about the particular file you are viewing.File NameThe name of the audio file.File FormatThe standard audio format in which the file is encoded; possible formats are AIFF (Audio Interchange File Format), AIFF-C, Sun/NeXT, MS RIFF WAVE, and raw sound data. These formats are described further in "Changing File Formats".SizeThe number of distinct locations in which the data is stored (sample frames), how long it takes to play (in seconds), and how much disk space (in kbytes) the file occupies.FormatThe number of channels on which the file plays (1 = mono, 2 = stereo) and the format of the data (number of bits, type of numbers).Sampling RateThe number of times per second (measured in kHz, where 1 kHz = 1000 times per second) the system reads the file when outputting audio. The greater the sampling rate, the larger the file, and the better the quality of the audio output. See "Reducing the Size (and Quality) of Audio Files" for more information on sampling rates.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="26375"Finding an Audio FileFind and display information about a file by scanning through directories or by typing the complete pathname of the file you want in the "File Name" field. A list of audio files and directories within the selected directory appears in the file display. To find a file by scanning through directories:Click the Up button to move to a previous directory.Double-click on a directory within the display window to open that directory.Click the Original button to move back to the directory you started with.To display only audio files within a directory, click the Show only sound files checkbox.You can view information about a particular audio file in one of two ways:Select a file name that's displayed in the main window by clicking on it once.Type the full pathname of a file in the "File Name" field, then press <Enter>.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="76448"Playing an Audio FileYou can play an audio file from the Sound Filer main window in one of two ways:Select the audio file name (or type its full pathname in the "File Name" field then press <Enter>), then click the Play button.Double-click the audio file name.If you don't hear the audio, either the volume is too low, or you don't have audio support in your IRIS system. If you don't have audio support, error messages appear in your console window.To stop playing the file, click the Stop button.For example, to play the sample file named /usr/lib/sounds/prosonus/musictags/tag2.aiff, follow these steps:Select the /usr/lib/sounds/prosonus/musictags/tag2.aiff file by clicking in the "File Name" field, then typing:/usr/lib/sounds/prosonus/musictags/tag2.aiffPress <Enter>.Play tag2.aiff by clicking the Play button.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="97126"Installing Sample Audio FilesID="ch6.sfiler1"Several sample audio files are shipped in the standard system software distribution, but they are not installed by default when you install the system software. These files are contained in the software image called dmedia_tools.data.prosonus.Installing this image creates a directory called /usr/lib/sounds/prosonus which contains several directories of audio files. You can play the files while they are in this directory, but you cannot create converted copies of them in this directory. If you plan to work with the audio files, copy them into your home directory where you can create, change, and remove copies and original files as you like.To copy the entire directory of sample files into a directory named /usr/people/joe, follow these steps:Open the /usr/lib/sounds Directory View window.Make sure you can see the /usr/people/joe folder icon in the WorkSpace, or the open /usr/people/joe directory view window.Press and hold down the <Alt> key on your keyboard, then drag the prosonus folder icon over the joe folder icon or into the joe directory view window.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="61561"Viewing Sample Audio FilesThe directory /usr/lib/sounds/prosonus contains several sample audio files. (See IDREF="97126" TYPE="TITLE""Installing Sample Audio Files" in this chapter to install them on your system). To view the contents of the /usr/lib/sounds/prosonus/musictags directory, then view information about the audio file named tag2.aiff, follow these steps:In Sound Filer click in the "File Name" field, then type:/usr/lib/sounds/prosonus/musictagsPress <Enter>.View detailed information about the tag2.aiff file by selecting it.IDREF="61578" TYPE="GRAPHIC"Figure 7-2 shows the main window displaying information about the tag2.aiff file.FILE="ch6-2.bw" POSITION="INLINE" SCALE="FALSE"LBL="7-2"Figure 7-2 ID="61578"The Sound Filer main window displaying file information.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="74494"Converting an Audio FileID="ch6.sfiler2"You may want to change the attributes of an audio file for several reasons:to reduce the amount of disk space the file occupiesto put it in the correct format for a specific software applicationto take advantage of the specific audio hardware on your systemFor example, the Sound Filer can play an audio file that is in the Sun/NeXT file format, but you cannot insert that file into an IRIS Showcase document; you must first convert it to Audio Interchange File Format (AIFF) using Sound Filer. (For information on inserting an audio file into an IRIS Showcase document, see the IRIS Showcase User's Guide.)LBL="" HELPID=""Reducing the Size (and Quality) of an Audio FileID="ch6.sfiler3"Audio files can occupy a surprisingly large amount of disk space. For example, a file that contains one minute of music of the same quality level as a stereo CD occupies 10 megabytes on a hard disk.The ID="ch6.sfiler4"sampling rate is the variable that most affects the size of an audio file. When music is recorded, the recording device receives continuous audio, but records only a subset or a sampling of the sounds. The number of samples per second is called the sampling rate, and is measured in kiloHertz (kHz); 1 kHz = 1000 samples per second. The higher the sampling rate, the larger the file, and the better the quality of the audio output.Whether the audio outputs to two channels (stereo) or one (mono) also effects the file's size; stereo files are twice as large as mono files.If you don't mind reducing the quality of an audio file's output slightly, you can use Sound Filer to greatly reduce the size of the file. For example, a stereo audio file whose sampling rate is 44.1KHz (the rate at which stereo music CDs are recorded) and whose playing time is one second occupies 175 kbytes on a hard disk. You can use Sound Filer to create a copy of the file with an 8 kHz sampling rate and mono output that occupies only 16 kbytes on a hard disk.To use Sound Filer to reduce the size and quality of the /usr/lib/sounds/prosonus/musictags/tag2.aiff file:Select the /usr/lib/sounds/prosonus/musictags/tag2.aiff file by clicking in the "File Name" field, then typing:/usr/lib/sounds/prosonus/musictags/tag2.aiffPress <Enter>. Note that this file occupies 610 kbytes on the hard disk.Click the Convert button. You see the File Conversion window as shown in IDREF="96352" TYPE="GRAPHIC"Figure 7-3.FILE="ch6-3.bw" POSITION="INLINE" SCALE="FALSE"LBL="7-3"Figure 7-3 ID="96352"The File Conversion window.This shows the current attributes of the file under the Input File heading on the left side of the window, and shows the possible attributes of the copy that you want to create under the Output File heading on the right side of the window.Specify a name and location for the copy. By default, Sound Filer places the copy in the same directory as the original and names it originalfile.out. You cannot write to the /usr/lib/sounds/prosonus/musictags directory, so you need to specify a new location, such as /usr/tmp.Highlight /usr/lib/sounds/prosonus/musictags in the "File Name" field on the Output File side of the window.Type: /usr/tmpSpecify a much lower sampling rate (8K) for the output file.If the button in the "Rate" field on the right-hand (Output File) side of the window is not labelled 8K, position your cursor over the button.Press and hold the left mouse button to see the menu.Choose "8K".Change the output from stereo to mono.If the button in the "Channels" field on the right-hand (Output File) side of the window is not labelled Mono, position your cursor over the button.Press and hold the left mouse button to see the menu.Choose "Mono".Click the Accept button.You see a notifier saying that Sound Filer created a new file named tag2.aiff.out in /usr/tmp. If you did not specify a new directory for this file, you see a notifier saying that Sound Filer couldn't create the new file. Type a different pathname in the "File Name" field on the Output File side of the conversion window, then click Accept again. If this still does not work, see IDREF="29064" BOOK="IRISEssentials" FILE="ch8.doc" HDG="""Understanding Permissions" for more information on permissions.Play the new file to see if you can discern any change in quality. In the Sound Filer main window, click in the "File Name" field, type the file's full pathname, then press <Enter>.Click the Play button.Note that the new file occupies only 55 kbytes.LBL="" HELPID=""Changing the Format of an Audio FileID="ch6.sfiler5"You typically need to change the format of an audio file when you plan to use the file on different types of systems. Sound Filer can convert to and from these formats:AIFFID="ch6.sfiler6"Audio Interchange File FormatAIFF-CID="ch6.sfiler7"ID="ch6.sfiler8"Audio Interchange File Format with compressionSun/NeXTID="ch6.sfiler9"File format used by Sun Microsystems and NeXT ComputerMS RIFF WAVEID="ch6.sfiler10"File format used by Multimedia PCsraw sound dataID="ch6.sfiler11"Bits of data only with no additional format information to take advantage of hardwareThe table below shows the preferred file formats, numeric formats, number of bits per sound sample, and method for storing bytes for IRIS, Sun, NeXT, Apple Macintosh, and Multimedia PC (MPC) systems.COLUMNS="4"LBL="7-1"Table 7-1 Preferred audio file formatsLEFT="0" WIDTH="76"ID="ch6.sfiler12"IRIS LEFT="85" WIDTH="76"Sun/NeXTLEFT="170" WIDTH="76"Apple MacintoshLEFT="255" WIDTH="76"Multimedia PCLEFT="0" WIDTH="76"AIFFID="ch6.sfiler13"LEFT="85" WIDTH="76"Sun/NeXTLEFT="170" WIDTH="76"AIFFLEFT="255" WIDTH="76"MS RIFF WAVELEFT="0" WIDTH="76"16-bitLEFT="85" WIDTH="76"8-bitLEFT="170" WIDTH="76"8-bitLEFT="255" WIDTH="76"8-bitLEFT="0" WIDTH="76"IntegerLEFT="85" WIDTH="76"MulawLEFT="170" WIDTH="76"IntegerLEFT="255" WIDTH="76"IntegerLEFT="0" WIDTH="76"2's complementLEFT="85" WIDTH="76"UnsignedLEFT="170" WIDTH="76"UnsignedLEFT="255" WIDTH="76"UnsignedSound Filer can convert files to the preferred format of the system on which you will play the file. For example, to convert a file named /usr/tmp/sound.wav that is in MS RIFF WAVE format to the highest quality AIFF file that you can use with IRIS Showcase, follow these steps:Select the sound.wav file by clicking in the "File Name" field, then typing:/usr/tmp/sound.wavPress <Enter>.Click the Convert button. You see the File Conversion window.This shows the attributes of the file under the Input File heading on the left-hand side of the window, and shows the possible attributes of the copy that you want to create under the Output File heading on the right-hand side of the window.sound.wav has these attributes:File Format:MS RIFF WAVESampling Rate:22.05 kHzOutput channels:Mono (1 channel)Data format:IntegerBits per sample:8Sign (byte storage)UnsignedSpecify a name and location for the copy. By default, Sound Filer places the copy in the same directory as the original file and names it originalfile.out. In this example, it would be named sound.wav.out.The converted file will be in AIFF rather than MS RIFF WAVE; it's a good idea to give it a name that reflects its format, such as sound. aiff. Change the file format to AIFF.Position your cursor over the button in the "File Format" field labelled wave on the right-hand (Output File) side of the window.Press and hold the left mouse button to see the menu.Choose "Audio
 Interchange File Format".Keep the sampling rate at 22.05. The rate of the original file is the highest rate that the output file can have; Sound Filer cannot add samples to improve the quality of the original file.If the button in the "Rate" field on the right-hand (Output File) side of the window is not labelled 22.05, position your cursor over the button.Press and hold the left mouse button and choose "22.05" from the menu.Keep the output mono. Sound Filer cannot create true stereo output from a mono file.If the button in the "Channels" field on the right-hand (Output File) side of the window is not labelled Mono, position your cursor over the button. Press down the left mouse button and choose "Mono" from the menuKeep the bits per sample at 8. Sound Filer cannot increase the number of bits per sample to improve the quality.If the number in the "Bits" field is not 8, highlight it, and type: 8Change the data storage method to 2's Complement. If the button in the "Sign" field on the right-hand (Output File) side of the window is not labelled 2's Complement, position your cursor over the button.Press and hold the left mouse button and choose "2's
 Complement" from the menu.Click the Accept button.You see a notifier saying that Sound Filer created a new file; unless you specified a different pathname, the file is called sound.aiff and is located in /usr/tmp.Play the new file to see if you can discern any change in quality. In the Sound Filer main window, click in the "File Name" field, type the file's full pathname, then press <Enter>.Click the Play button.LBL="8"ID="55040"CD ManagerThis chapter includes these sections:IDREF="70990" TYPE="TITLE""About CD Manager"IDREF="67075" TYPE="TITLE""Playing a CD"IDREF="79843" TYPE="TITLE""Using the Music Catalog"IDREF="51369" TYPE="TITLE""Recording from a CD to a File"IDREF="72160" TYPE="TITLE""Understanding the Display"Access CD Manager by typing cdman in a shell window, or by double-clicking the cdman icon on the MediaTools page of the Icon Catalog.LBL="" HELPID="CDman.overview"ID="70990"About CD ManagerUse CD Manager to play a CD if your compact disc drive is attached to the SCSI connector on the back of your workstation.Use the controls on the compact disc player rather than the controls in CD Manager if your player is attached to the line in or digital in jacks on the back of your workstation. CD Manager is shown in IDREF="25432" TYPE="GRAPHIC"Figure 8-1.FILE="ch7-1.bw" POSITION="INLINE" SCALE="FALSE"LBL="8-1"Figure 8-1 
ID="25432"CD Manager.LBL="" HELPID="CDman.playingCDs"ID="67075"Playing a CDTo play a CD using CD Manager:Insert the compact disc into the disc drive.Open the Audio Control Panel. See IDREF="11434" BOOK="MediaCtls_UG" FILE="ch3.apanel.doc" HDG=""Chapter 3, "Audio Control Panel," of the Media Control Panel User's Guide.Click Play on the CD Manager.Move the left and right speaker level on the Audio Control Panel up or down to adjust the volume.To stop play, click the Pause or Stop button on the CD Manager display.LBL="" HELPID="CDman.catalog"ID="79843"Using the Music CatalogYou can catalog a CD so that each time you play it, the title of the CD, the artist, and the individual track titles are displayed. To do this:Insert the CD into the compact disc drive.Click the More button on the CD Manager control panel. The catalog form is displayed, as shown in IDREF="13552" TYPE="GRAPHIC"Figure 8-2.FILE="ch7-2.bw" POSITION="INLINE" SCALE="FALSE"LBL="8-2"Figure 8-2 
ID="13552"Catalog form in the CD Manager extended display.Highlight the phrase "Enter CD Title Here" in the catalog form and type in the name of the CD. Press <Enter>.Highlight the phrase "Enter CD Artist Here" and type in the name of the artist.Press <Enter>.Highlight the track title field and enter the name of the track.Press <Enter>.Click the Next Track button on the main CD Manager control panel and type in the name of the next track.Press <Enter>.Continue to click the Next Track button to enter the names of the following tracks.Press <Enter> after each entry.The information is saved in a directory called .cddb in your home directory. Whenever you insert the CD into your compact disc drive, the information you entered will appear in the CD Manager catalog display.If you've already created a database of CDs in the CDPlayer application, you can merge this database with the CD Manager database using the cddbcvt command. See the cddbcvt command man page for instructions on how to merge these two databases.LBL="" HELPID="CDman.recording"ID="51369"Recording from a CD to a FileUse CD Manager to record from a CD into an audio file if your compact disc drive is attached to the SCSI connector on your workstation. Recording copyrighted material is subject to copyright laws. To record from a CD to a file:Insert the CD into the drive.Open the file you want to record to.Choose "Open `Record To' file..." from the 
File menu.Type in a name for the file and click Accept.The "Record CD to..." window appears as shown in IDREF="85299" TYPE="GRAPHIC"Figure 8-3.FILE="ch7-3.bw" POSITION="INLINE" SCALE="FALSE"LBL="8-3"Figure 8-3 
"Record CD to..." window.ID="85299"Click the File Record button. The red light goes on. Click the Play button in the main CD Manager window. The CD begins recording into the file.To stop recording, click the File Stop button.You can continue recording into the file by clicking the File Record and File Stop buttons until you're ready to stop recording.When you've finished recording, select Close File to close the file. A window appears asking you to click again to confirm that you want to close the file. Click the Close File button again. The file closes.LBL="" HELPID="CDman.layout"ID="72160"Understanding the DisplayThe CD Manager display consists of the Program field, Index field, Time display, Cue button, More button, and control pad. This section includes:IDREF="50871" TYPE="TITLE""Program and Index Fields"IDREF="95666" TYPE="TITLE""Time Display"IDREF="24493" TYPE="TITLE""Cueing a Program"IDREF="54632" TYPE="TITLE""The Control Pad"IDREF="96997" TYPE="TITLE""Displaying Information about the CD"LBL="" HELPID=""ID="50871"Program and Index FieldsThe Program field displays the current program number. Advance to the next program by clicking the Next Prog button on the control panel. Go back to the previous program by clicking the Prev Prog button on the control panel.To advance to a particular program:Highlight the program number in the Program field.Type in the number of the program you want.Click the Cue button or press <Enter>.The CD moves to the chosen program number.Some programs are separated into Indexes. You can type an index number in the Index field the same way you type in a program number. Click the Cue button or press <Enter> to change to the chosen index.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="95666"Time DisplayThe Time display shows the minutes, seconds, and frames for a chosen type of time measurement. Press the button below the time display to choose a type of measurement.Time measurement choices include:Program timeThe amount of time elapsed from the beginning of a chosen program.Absolute timeThe amount of time elapsed from the beginning of the CD.Remaining timeThe amount of time left on the CD.You can view all three time displays at once by clicking the More button and setting each display to a different type of measurement. Click on the buttons below the displays to choose a type of measurement.To move to a particular point of time in the CD, highlight the time in the Time display in the main CD Manager window and type in the time you want to move to. Press the Cue button or press <Enter>. The CD advances to the chosen point of time.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="24493"Cueing a ProgramThe Cue button allows you to move to a particular program number, index, or point of time on a CD. To move to a particular location on the CD:Highlight the program, index, or time display field.Type in the particular program number, index number, or time you want to move to.Click the Cue button. The CD moves to the chosen location.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="96997"Displaying Information about the CDClick the More button in the main CD Manager window. Information about the CD playing appears in an extended display, as shown in IDREF="37176" TYPE="GRAPHIC"Figure 8-4.FILE="ch7-4.bw" POSITION="INLINE" SCALE="FALSE"LBL="8-4"Figure 8-4 
ID="37176"The CD Manager extended display.You enter the title, artist, and track titles the first time you play a CD. The information is stored in a database and appears each time you insert the CD into the drive. To learn how to enter the information into the database, see IDREF="79843" TYPE="TITLE""Using the Music Catalog."A second and third time display lets you view program time, absolute time, and running time all at once. To the right of these displays is the sampling rate of the CD.Some CDs may have a catalog number or International Standard Recording Code information. These displays appears only if the information exists on the CD.To hide this window, click the Less button in the main CD Manager window.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="54632"The Control PadUse the buttons on the CD Manager control pad to play and eject the disc.PlayPlay the CD.StopStop play and reset the CD to the beginning.Fast FwdPress down on the button to fast forward until the button is released; or click the button once to fast forward. Click the Pause button to stop.RewindPress down on the button to rewind until the button is released; or click the button to rewind. Click the Pause button to stop.Next ProgAdvance to the next program.Prev ProgGo back to the previous program.EjectEject the CD.LBL="9"ID="70592"DAT ManagerThis chapter includes these sections:IDREF="52506" TYPE="TITLE""About DAT Manager"IDREF="14876" TYPE="TITLE""Running DAT Manager"IDREF="96168" TYPE="TITLE""Playing a Tape"IDREF="74736" TYPE="TITLE""Adjusting the Volume of Your Tape"IDREF="42096" TYPE="TITLE""Moving to a Particular Location on the Tape"IDREF="64566" TYPE="TITLE""Recording Audio from a DAT Tape to a File"IDREF="28588" TYPE="TITLE""Recording from an Audio File to a DAT Tape"IDREF="71737" TYPE="TITLE""Understanding the DAT Manager Display"LBL="" HELPID="datman.about"ID="52506"About DAT ManagerDAT Manager is an audio tool that lets you control a digital audio tape (DAT) drive attached to the SCSI port on the back of your workstation. To use DAT Manager, you must have an IRIS that supports audio.DAT Manager is installed automatically as part of the standard system software on IRIS systems that support audio. DAT Manager is shown in IDREF="55647" TYPE="GRAPHIC"Figure 9-1.FILE="ch8-1.bw" POSITION="INLINE" SCALE="FALSE"LBL="9-1"Figure 9-1 ID="55647"DAT Manager.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="14876"Running DAT ManagerYou can open DAT Manager in one of several ways:Double-click the datman icon on the Media Tools page of the Icon Catalog.Open a shell window, then type the word datman.Click the words APP="/usr/sbin/datman" PARMS=""DAT Manager 
to open DAT Manager now.LBL="" HELPID="datman.playingtapes"ID="96168"Playing a TapeTo play a tape using DAT Manager:Insert a tape into the drive.The desktop icon for the drive changes to indicate it is loaded.Click the Play button on the DAT Manager control pad.You begin to hear music and the program time begins to advance. If the music is too soft or loud, see IDREF="74736" TYPE="TITLE""Adjusting the Volume of Your Tape."To stop the music, click the Pause or Stop button on the DAT Manager display.NoteUse the controls on the DAT player rather than the controls in DAT Manager if your player is attached to the line in or digital in jack on the back of your workstation.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="74736"Adjusting the Volume of Your TapeUse the Audio Control Panel to adjust the volume. To open the panel, choose "Audio control panel" from the Utilities menu, or click the words APP="/usr/sbin/apanel" PARMS=""Audio Control Panel
 now. Move the Speaker sliders up and down to adjust the volume.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="42096"Moving to a Particular Location on the TapeYou can move to a particular program or time on the tape.To advance to a particular program, highlight the program number in the Program field, type  the number of the program you want, then click the Cue button or press <Enter>.Some programs are separated into Indexes. You can type an index number in the Index field the same way you type in a program number. Click the Cue button or press <Enter> to change to the chosen index.To move to a particular point of time on the tape, highlight the time in the Time display in the main portion of DAT Manager window, then type the time you want to move to. Press the Cue button or press <Enter>. The tape advances to the chosen point of time.LBL="" HELPID="datman.recordingtoFile"ID="64566"Recording Audio from a DAT Tape to a FileUse DAT Manager to record from a tape into an audio file if your DAT drive is attached to the SCSI port on the back of your workstation. Note that recording copyrighted material is subject to copyright laws.To record from a tape to a file:Insert a tape into the drive.The desktop icon for the drive changes to indicate it is loaded.Choose "
Open `Record To' file..." from the 
File menu.A file browser appears.Type a name for the file you're going to create, then click Accept.The "Record DAT to..." window appears as shown in IDREF="99496" TYPE="GRAPHIC"Figure 9-2.FILE="ch8-2.bw" POSITION="INLINE" SCALE="FALSE"LBL="9-2"Figure 9-2 ID="99496""Record DAT to..." window.When you're ready to record, click the File Record button. The red light goes on.Click the Play button in the main DAT Manager window. The tape begins recording into the file.To stop recording, click the File Stop button.You can continue recording into the file by clicking the File Record and File Stop buttons until you're ready to stop recording.When you've finished recording, click the Close File button to close the file.A window appears asking you to confirm that you want to close the file. Click Close File again to confirm.LBL="" HELPID="datman.recordingtoTape"ID="28588"Recording from an Audio File to a DAT TapeUse DAT Manager to record to a tape if your DAT drive is attached to the SCSI port on the back of your workstation. Note that recording copyrighted material is subject to copyright laws.To record from an audio file to a tape, follow these steps:Insert a tape into the DAT drive.You can use a blank tape, another audio tape, or a data tape that you don't want.If you use a data tape, be sure to write-enable the tape before you insert the tape into the drive. If the tape is not write-enabled, you will not be able to record. Recording onto a data tape erases all data from the tape.Choose "
Open `Record From' file..." from the 
File menu.A file browser appears.Scan through the directories until you find the file you want, then click the Accept button.Click the Record button.The file begins recording to the tape.To stop recording, click the Stop button.Select "
Close `Record From' file..." from the 
File menu to close the audio file.LBL="" HELPID="datman.layout"ID="71737"Understanding the DAT Manager DisplayThe DAT Manager display consists of the Program field, index field, time display, Cue button, More button, and control pad. This section includes:IDREF="24121" TYPE="TITLE""Program and Index Fields"IDREF="60211" TYPE="TITLE""Time Display"IDREF="29730" TYPE="TITLE""Cue Button"IDREF="87228" TYPE="TITLE""More Button"IDREF="54549" TYPE="TITLE""Control Pad"LBL="" HELPID=""ID="24121"Program and Index FieldsThe Program field displays the current program number. Advance to the next program by clicking the Next Prog button on the control panel. Go back to the previous program by clicking the Prev Prog button on the control panel.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="60211"Time DisplayTimes are shown as hours:minutes:seconds:frames. Three different timecodes can be recorded onto a DAT tape.Absolute TimeAbsolute time is a continuously incrementing time that starts from zero at the beginning of the tape.Program TimeProgram time is the time from the start of the current program.Running TimeRunning time is a continuously incrementing time that starts from an arbitrary time at the beginning of the tape. This field is often used to record SMPTE timecode.Press the button below the time display to choose a type of measurement. If the window is expanded to its full size, you can view all three time displays at once. One appears above the Pause button. The other two appear in the catalog display area.NoteWhen a timecode is not recorded on the tape, the display shows hyphens, "--", instead of digits, "01." It is common for only a single time code or no time code at all to be recorded. DAT Manager records only absolute time.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="29730"Cue ButtonThe Cue button allows you to move to a particular program, index, or point of time on a tape. To move to a particular location on the tape:Highlight the Program, Index, or Time display field.Type in the particular program number, index number, or time you want to move to.Click the Cue button. The tape moves to the chosen location.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="87228"More ButtonClick the More button in the main DAT Manager window, and further information about the tape you are playing appears as shown in IDREF="70138" TYPE="GRAPHIC"Figure 9-3.FILE="ch8-3.bw" POSITION="INLINE" SCALE="FALSE"LBL="9-3"Figure 9-3 ID="70138"The DAT Manager extended display.You see a second and third Time display to let you view program time, absolute time, and running time all at once. To the right of these displays is the sampling rate of the tape.To hide the window, click the Less button in the main DAT Manager window.LBL="" HELPID=""ID="54549"Control PadUse the buttons on the DAT Manager control pad to play and eject the tape.Use the following buttons to:PlayPlay the tape.StopStop the tape. PausePause the tape. Click the Play button to resume play.Fast FwdPress down on the button to fast forward until the button is released; or click the button once to fast forward. Click the Pause or Stop button to stop.RewindPress down on the button to rewind until the button is released; or click the button to rewind. Click the Pause or Stop button to stop.Next ProgAdvance to the next program on the tape.Prev ProgGo back to the previous program on the tape.RecordRecord to tape from an audio input or a file.EjectEject the tape.GlossarychannelsIndependent streams of audio. For example, monophonic recordings contain a single channel of audio whereas stereo recordings contain two channels, left and right.crop areaThe area of the image that will be captured. The Capture tool marks the crop area with a red box. You can change the crop area by adjusting the size and placement of this box.desktopThe screen background. By default, several icons are placed on the desktop: a folder icon representing your home directory, a dumpster icon, several application icons, and an icon for each peripheral you have installed. You can place other icons on the desktop so that you can access them more easily. In this way, the desktop is similar to an actual office desk. For example, on your desk, you might have a telephone, a container of pens and pencils, and a stack of folders or notebooks related to the projects onwhich you're currently working, Other items that are used less are stashed away in desk drawers. edit lineA thin gray line in the waveform. Use this to mark the location at which you want to begin playing and recording or copying and inserting audio. frame rateThe number of images captured or displayed per second. A lower frame rate produces a less fluid motion and saves disk space. A higher setting results in a fluid image and a larger movie file.menu buttonA button that reveals a pop-up menu. Place the cursor over the button; then press the left mouse button.sample rateThe speed at which audio samples are recorded and played back. This is analogous to video and film frame rates. Higher sample rates allow high frequencies to be represented with better accuracy and, therefore, higher fidelity.sample widthThe number of bits used to represent a single sample of audio data, typically expressed in multiples of 8-bits (8, 16 or 24). Larger widths allow for greater dynamic range and precision, both of which influence audio quality.AIFF audio file formatIDREF="ch6.sfiler12"Changing the Format of an Audio FileIDREF="ch6.sfiler6"Changing the Format of an Audio FileAIFF-C (Audio Interchange File Format with compression)IDREF="ch6.sfiler8"Changing the Format of an Audio FileAIFF-C audio file formatIDREF="ch6.sfiler7"Changing the Format of an Audio Fileaudio file formatsAIFFIDREF="ch6.sfiler6"Changing the Format of an Audio FileIDREF="ch6.sfiler13"Changing the Format of an Audio FileAIFF-CIDREF="ch6.sfiler7"Changing the Format of an Audio Filecomparison tableIDREF="ch6.sfiler12"Changing the Format of an Audio FileMS RIFF WAVEIDREF="ch6.sfiler10"Changing the Format of an Audio FileIDREF="ch6.sfiler13"Changing the Format of an Audio Fileraw sound dataIDREF="ch6.sfiler11"Changing the Format of an Audio FileSun/NeXTIDREF="ch6.sfiler13"Changing the Format of an Audio FileIDREF="ch6.sfiler9"Changing the Format of an Audio Fileaudio fileschanging the format ofIDREF="ch6.sfiler5"Changing the Format of an Audio FileconvertingIDREF="ch6.sfiler2"Converting an Audio Filereducing the size ofIDREF="ch6.sfiler3"Reducing the Size (and Quality) of an Audio FilesampleIDREF="ch6.sfiler1"Installing Sample Audio Filessampling rateIDREF="ch6.sfiler4"Reducing the Size (and Quality) of an Audio Filechanging audio file formatsIDREF="ch6.sfiler5"Changing the Format of an Audio Fileconverting an audio file (Sound Filer)IDREF="ch6.sfiler2"Converting an Audio FileMS RIFF WAVE audio file formatIDREF="ch6.sfiler10"Changing the Format of an Audio FileIDREF="ch6.sfiler12"Changing the Format of an Audio Fileraw sound data (Sound Filer)IDREF="ch6.sfiler11"Changing the Format of an Audio Filereducing the size of an audio fileIDREF="ch6.sfiler3"Reducing the Size (and Quality) of an Audio Filesampling ratedescriptionIDREF="ch6.sfiler4"Reducing the Size (and Quality) of an Audio FileSound FilerAIFF file formatIDREF="ch6.sfiler6"Changing the Format of an Audio FileIDREF="ch6.sfiler13"Changing the Format of an Audio FileAIFF-C file formatIDREF="ch6.sfiler7"Changing the Format of an Audio Filechanging file formatsIDREF="ch6.sfiler5"Changing the Format of an Audio Fileconverting a fileIDREF="ch6.sfiler2"Converting an Audio FileMS RIFF WAVE file formatIDREF="ch6.sfiler13"Changing the Format of an Audio FileIDREF="ch6.sfiler10"Changing the Format of an Audio Fileraw sound dataIDREF="ch6.sfiler11"Changing the Format of an Audio Filereducing the size of a fileIDREF="ch6.sfiler3"Reducing the Size (and Quality) of an Audio Filesample audio filesIDREF="ch6.sfiler1"Installing Sample Audio FilesSun/NeXT file formatIDREF="ch6.sfiler9"Changing the Format of an Audio FileIDREF="ch6.sfiler13"Changing the Format of an Audio FileSun/NeXT audio file formatIDREF="ch6.sfiler9"Changing the Format of an Audio FileIDREF="ch6.sfiler12"Changing the Format of an Audio File